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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of oxygen

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The manufacturing method
of oxygen
oxygen is an important raw material in chemical production, which is widely used in smelting, medical treatment, energy, environmental protection and other fields. Therefore, mastering the manufacturing method of oxygen is of great significance to the production of chemical products. This article will introduce three common oxygen manufacturing methods: air separation method, electrolytic water method and chemical method.

1. air separation method

air separation method is currently the most commonly used industrial oxygen manufacturing method, the principle is to use the different boiling points of oxygen and nitrogen in the air, through compression, cooling and separation steps, the oxygen is separated from the air. The specific steps of

are as follows:

1. Compressed air: Compress air to a certain pressure to increase the density of oxygen and nitrogen, which is conducive to separation.
2. Cooling air: The compressed air is cooled to a certain temperature to make the oxygen and nitrogen reach a liquefied state.
3. Separation of liquid air: Using the difference between the boiling points of oxygen and nitrogen, the oxygen and nitrogen in the liquid air are separated by a distillation column.

air separation method has the advantages of high yield and high purity, but the equipment investment is large and the energy consumption is high.

2. water electrolysis method

water electrolysis method is a method of decomposing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water. Its principle is to use electrolysis to decompose water molecules into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. Hydrogen ions react with electrodes to produce hydrogen, and hydroxide ions react with electrodes to produce oxygen.

specific steps are as follows:

1. Preparation of electrolyte solution: Aqueous electrolyte (such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide) is dissolved in water to prepare an electrolyte solution.
2. Water electrolysis: the electrolyte solution into the electrolytic cell, through the direct current, water molecules in the electrode oxidation-reduction reaction, the generation of hydrogen and oxygen.
3. Separation of Hydrogen and Oxygen: Hydrogen and oxygen are separated by a gas separation device.

water electrolysis method has the advantages of simple equipment and convenient operation, but the energy consumption is high, and the electrolyte needs to be replaced regularly.

3. chemical method

chemical method is a method of producing oxygen through chemical reaction. Common chemical methods include potassium permanganate method and potassium chlorate method. The principle is to use the oxidation-reduction reaction of chemical reagents to produce oxygen.

specific steps are as follows:

1. preparation of reactants: potassium permanganate or potassium chlorate and other chemical reagents are prepared into a solution of a certain concentration.
2. Redox reaction occurs: a reducing agent (such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid) is added to reduce the oxygen element in the reagent to oxygen.
3. Collect oxygen: The generated oxygen is collected by a gas collection device.

chemical method has the advantages of small equipment investment and simple operation, but the purity of oxygen produced is low, and a large amount of chemical reagents are consumed.

In summary, air separation, water electrolysis and chemical methods are all common oxygen manufacturing methods, and each method has its advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. In actual production, the appropriate manufacturing method should be selected according to specific needs and conditions. At the same time, in order to improve the yield and purity of oxygen, it is necessary to continuously optimize equipment and technology, reduce costs, and improve production efficiency.

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