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[Chemical Knowledge]：The production and manufacturing method and process of base oil.

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Base oil is an important raw material for the production of many chemicals, so its manufacturing method is of great significance to the chemical industry. The following is a common base oil manufacturing method, which mainly uses petroleum refining technology.

1. Raw Material Preparation

First, it is necessary to prepare crude oil as a raw material. Crude oil is petroleum extracted from the ground and contains various hydrocarbon compounds. The manufacturing process of base oil is to separate and purify the hydrocarbon compounds in crude oil to obtain the required base oil.

2. Atmospheric Distillation

After heating the crude oil to a certain temperature, it is sent to the atmospheric distillation tower for distillation. In the process of atmospheric distillation, hydrocarbons with different boiling points will be distilled out in turn according to their boiling points, thus obtaining various fractions. Among them, products such as gasoline and kerosene with lighter fractions will be separated, while products such as lubricants and base oils with heavier fractions will remain at the bottom of the tower.

3. Vacuum Distillation In order to further separate and purify the base oil, it is necessary to feed the residue from the bottom of the atmospheric distillation column to a vacuum distillation column for vacuum distillation. In the vacuum distillation process, by reducing the pressure in the distillation column, the high boiling point hydrocarbon compounds can be distilled out at a lower temperature, thereby obtaining a more pure base oil.

4. Hydrotreating

In order to improve the stability and oxidation resistance of the base oil, it is necessary to hydrotreat the base oil obtained by vacuum distillation. In the hydrotreating process, by adding hydrogen and a catalyst, the unsaturated hydrocarbons and impurity elements such as sulfur and nitrogen in the base oil can be hydrogenated to obtain a more stable and pure base oil.

5. product blending

Finally, according to needs, different batches and different properties of base oil can be blended to obtain the required product specifications and quality.

In summary, the base oil manufacturing process requires multiple steps and processes, including feedstock preparation, atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, hydrotreating, and product blending. These steps require strict control of process conditions and operating parameters to ensure product quality and stability. At the same time, it is also necessary to monitor and adjust the production process to find and solve problems in the production process in time to ensure the smooth progress of the production process.

in the base oil manufacturing process, but also need to pay attention to environmental protection and safety issues. For example, it is necessary to take effective pollution control measures such as waste gas, waste water and noise to reduce environmental pollution; at the same time, it is necessary to comply with relevant safety regulations and standards to ensure the safety and reliability of the production process.

In short, the manufacturing method of base oil is of great significance to the chemical industry, and it is necessary to continuously improve the manufacturing technology and process level to meet the growing market demand and environmental protection requirements.

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