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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of natural gas

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Manufacturing method
of natural gas
natural gas is an important raw material for chemical production, which is widely used in chemical fertilizer, olefin, methanol and other fields. With the increasing demand for clean energy, the status of natural gas has become increasingly prominent. This article will introduce the manufacturing methods of natural gas, including regular natural gas extraction, unconventional natural gas extraction and natural gas synthesis.

1. regular natural gas exploitation

regular natural gas exploitation refers to drilling boreholes to reach the natural gas layer, and then collecting natural gas to the ground by means of self-injection or pumping. This method is suitable for natural gas reservoirs with simple geological conditions, high reservoir pressure and good permeability. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Geological exploration: through geological survey, geophysical exploration and drilling methods, to determine the location and reserves of natural gas reservoirs.

2. Drilling: Drilling in the determined location of the natural gas reservoir, generally using rotary drilling or impact drilling and other methods.

3. Well completion: after the completion of drilling, complete well operation, including casing running, cement slurry cementing, perforation and other procedures.

4. Gas production: natural gas is collected to the ground by means of self-injection or pumping, and then transported to users for use after processing.

2. unconventional natural gas exploitation

unconventional natural gas, including shale gas, coalbed methane, tight sandstone gas, etc., these resources reservoir geological conditions are more complex, low permeability, need to use special technology to exploit. The specific methods are as follows:

1. Horizontal drilling technology: By drilling horizontal boreholes underground, the contact area with natural gas is increased and the extraction efficiency is improved.

2. Hydraulic fracturing technology: A large amount of water and chemicals are injected into the wellbore to squeeze water into the underground rock formation through high pressure, thereby increasing the permeability of the rock formation and making it easier for natural gas to flow out.

3. Multi-stage fracturing technology: multiple hydraulic fracturing is carried out in the same borehole to form multiple fractures and further improve the output of natural gas.

3. natural gas synthesis

natural gas synthesis is a technology that converts other raw materials into natural gas through chemical reactions, mainly including methanation reaction and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. These methods can convert coal, biomass, etc. into natural gas, providing more sources for the supply of natural gas. The specific steps are as follows:

1. methanation reaction: raw material gases such as CO and H2 are reacted under the action of a catalyst to generate methane and water vapor. The reaction needs to be carried out under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and a catalyst needs to be added to accelerate the reaction rate.

2. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: raw material gases such as CO and H2 are converted into hydrocarbons, including paraffins, olefins, etc., under certain temperature and pressure conditions through the action of a catalyst. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can produce different types of hydrocarbons depending on different catalysts and reaction conditions.

In short, the manufacturing methods of natural gas include regular natural gas extraction, unconventional natural gas extraction and natural gas synthesis. With the continuous progress and innovation of technology, the manufacturing method of natural gas will continue to update and develop, providing more clean energy for human society.

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