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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of polyurethane

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Manufacturing Methods
of Polyurethane
Polyurethane (PU) is a widely used chemical raw material. Because of its excellent properties, such as wear resistance, impact resistance, insulation and elasticity, it is widely used in furniture, construction, automobile, electronics and textile fields. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of polyurethane in detail.

1. raw materials to prepare

1. polyol: polyol is one of the main raw materials of polyurethane, commonly used polyols, polyester polyols and polyether polyols.
2. Diisocyanate: Diisocyanate is another main raw material of polyurethane, commonly used are diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and so on.
3. chain extenders: commonly used chain extenders are small molecule diols or diamines.
4. catalyst: used to promote the reaction rate of polyurethane catalyst, commonly used with tertiary amine and organic tin catalyst.

2. Polyurethane Manufacturing Process

1. Prepolymer Synthesis: Polyol and diisocyanate according to a certain molar ratio into the reactor, under the action of catalyst reaction, generate prepolymer. The viscosity of the prepolymer will gradually increase as the reaction proceeds, and the reaction time and temperature need to be controlled to ensure the quality of the prepolymer.
2. chain extension reaction: the prepolymer is mixed with the chain extender, and the chain extension reaction is carried out to produce high molecular weight polyurethane. The speed of the chain extension reaction also needs to be controlled to avoid phenomena such as bubbles or gels.
3. Post-treatment: After the chain extension reaction, the polyurethane needs to be post-treated, including curing, defoaming, cutting, packaging and other processes to obtain the final polyurethane product.
Precautions in the manufacturing process of
3.

1. Control the reaction speed and temperature: In the process of prepolymer synthesis and chain extension reaction, it is necessary to control the reaction speed and temperature to avoid side reactions or gel and other phenomena to ensure the quality of polyurethane.
2. Quality control of raw materials: The quality of raw materials has a great influence on the performance of polyurethane. Therefore, strict quality control of raw materials is required to ensure the purity and quality stability of raw materials.
3. Maintenance of production equipment: Production equipment needs regular maintenance and maintenance to ensure the normal operation of equipment and product quality.

4. the application of polyurethane

polyurethane is widely used in various fields, such as furniture, construction, automobiles, electronics and textiles. In the field of furniture, polyurethane is used to manufacture soft furniture such as sofas and mattresses, as well as hard furniture such as chair backs and armrests. In the construction field, polyurethane is used for thermal insulation, waterproof materials, etc. In the automobile field, polyurethane is used to manufacture seats, interior parts, etc. In the electronic field, polyurethane is used to manufacture wire and cable sheaths, electronic devices, etc.

In short, polyurethane as an important raw material for chemical production has a wide range of applications. In the manufacturing process, factors such as raw material quality, reaction speed and temperature need to be strictly controlled to ensure product quality.

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