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[Chemical Knowledge]：Benzoic Acid and Cresol: Differences in Properties and Uses

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Benzoic acid and phenol are common organic chemicals, which are widely used in chemical industry and daily life. Although they all contain phenyl groups, there are obvious differences in nature and use.

from the chemical structure point of view, the molecular formula of benzoic acid is C7H6O2, which belongs to carboxylic acid compounds; and the molecular formula of phenol is C7H8O, which belongs to phenolic compounds. The benzoic acid molecule contains a carboxyl group (-COOH), while the benzene phenol molecule contains a hydroxyl group (-OH). This structural difference leads to their different properties and uses.

in the physical properties, benzoic acid is a white crystalline solid, with strong acidity, soluble in alcohol and ether, insoluble in water; and cresol is a white crystalline solid or brown oily liquid, with a number of similar phenolic properties, volatile, soluble in alcohol and ether, insoluble in water.

from the use point of view, benzoic acid is mainly used for organic synthesis reaction intermediates, can be used for the synthesis of sodium benzoate, ethyl benzoate and other compounds; and cresol is mainly used for the production of preservatives, fungicides and pharmaceutical intermediates.

To sum up, although benzoic acid and benzene phenol contain phenyl, but in the chemical structure, physical properties and use there are obvious differences. Understanding the difference between them helps us to select and use them more accurately in practical applications.

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