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[Chemical Knowledge]：Benzoic acid versus phenylacetic acid: differences from structure to application

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Benzoic acid and phenylacetic acid are common organic acids, which have some differences in structure and application. From the structural point of view, the chemical formula of benzoic acid is C6H5COOH, and the hydrogen atom on the benzene ring is replaced by a methyl group. The chemical formula of phenylacetic acid is C6H5CH2COOH, and the hydrogen on the benzene ring is replaced by an ethyl group. This structural difference leads to their different manifestations in physical and chemical properties. Next, we will discuss their characteristics and application areas respectively.

In terms of physical properties, benzoic acid and phenylacetic acid are white crystalline solids with a special aroma. Benzoic acid has a melting point of 122 ° C. and a boiling point of 249 ° C., and is insoluble in water and readily soluble in organic solvents. Phenylacetic acid has a melting point of 42 ° C. and a boiling point of 246 ° C., and is also insoluble in water and readily soluble in organic solvents. In terms of melting point and solubility, benzoic acid has a high melting point and is not easily soluble in common solvents, while phenylacetic acid is relatively easy to dissolve in common solvents.

in chemical properties, benzoic acid and phenylacetic acid are acidic. They can be neutralized by alkali to form the corresponding salt, and can be esterified with alcohol. Benzoic acid and phenylacetic acid are slightly different in acidic strength, and benzoic acid is weakly acidic. This difference is reflected in practical applications. Benzoic acid is suitable for the preparation of benzoic acid salts, fungicides and dyes. Phenylacetic acid, on the other hand, is commonly used in the preparation of dyes, resins and fragrances.

In addition, benzoic acid and phenylacetic acid also differ in biological activity. Benzoic acid has a wide range of applications in the field of medicine, such as as over-the-counter pharmaceutical ingredients and antifungal agents. Phenylacetic acid, on the other hand, is mainly used in the food and flavor industries as a preservative and flavoring agent.

In summary, there are some differences between benzoic acid and phenylacetic acid in structure and application. There is a methyl group in the chemical formula of benzoic acid, and an ethyl group in the chemical formula of phenylacetic acid. They are slightly different in physical properties, chemical properties and application fields. An in-depth understanding of the difference between benzoic acid and phenylacetic acid is of great significance for their rational application.

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