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[Chemical Knowledge]：Difference and Identification of Benzene and Cyclohexane

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Benzene and cyclohexane are common chemicals, which are widely used in chemical industry, medicine and other fields. However, benzene and cyclohexane are very different in nature. Here we will introduce their differences and identification in detail.

from the chemical structure, the molecular structure of benzene and cyclohexane is different. The molecular formula of benzene is C6H6, is a six-membered ring hydrocarbon, the molecule contains 6 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms. The molecular formula of cyclohexane is C6H12, which is an alicyclic hydrocarbon with 6 carbon atoms and 12 hydrogen atoms in the molecule. Therefore, from the molecular structure, benzene and cyclohexane are two different chemical substances.

from the point of view of physical properties, benzene and cyclohexane also have a clear difference. Benzene is a colorless and transparent liquid with aromatic flavor, which can dissolve many organic substances, and the flame is blue when burning. Cyclohexane is a colorless liquid with a special smell, insoluble in water, can dissolve many organic substances, and the flame is white when burning. It can be seen that benzene and cyclohexane are also very different in physical properties.

In addition, benzene and cyclohexane differ in their uses and fields of application. Benzene is mainly used in the synthesis of organic compounds, used as solvents, raw materials, etc., widely used in dyes, coatings, synthetic resins and other industries. Cyclohexane is mainly used in organic synthesis and solvents, and is also used as a raw material for lubricating oil and preparation of other chemicals. Therefore, benzene and cyclohexane also have their own characteristics in the field of application.

When we need to distinguish between benzene and cyclohexane, we can identify it by the following methods. First, it can be judged by observing the physical properties of the substance, such as color, smell, solubility, etc.; secondly, it can be judged by the reaction of chemical reagents, such as the purple precipitation reaction of benzene to potassium permanganate solution, while cyclohexane will not produce such a reaction. By the above method, we can accurately distinguish between benzene and cyclohexane.

To sum up, benzene and cyclohexane have obvious differences in molecular structure, physical properties and application fields, so we need to pay special attention to the use and identification of these two chemicals. It is hoped that the above introduction will help us to better understand and distinguish between benzene and cyclohexane, and to use them correctly.

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