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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of anisole

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The manufacturing method
of anisole
anisole, also known as phenoxybenzene or phenoxymethane, is a colorless transparent liquid with a special fragrance. It is mainly used as solvents, spices and pharmaceutical intermediates. In the field of chemical production raw materials, there are two main manufacturing methods of anisole: one is prepared by the reaction of benzyl alcohol and dimethyl sulfate, and the other is prepared by the esterification reaction of benzoic acid and methanol. This article will detail these two manufacturing methods.

1. by the reaction of benzyl alcohol and dimethyl sulfate to prepare anisole

The principle of this method is that benzyl alcohol and dimethyl sulfate are etherified under the action of alkaline catalyst to generate anisole. The specific operation steps are as follows:

1. Benzyl alcohol is mixed with alkaline catalyst (such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) and heated to a certain temperature.
2. Slowly add dimethyl sulfate dropwise and control the dropping speed to keep the reaction temperature stable.
3. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the reaction mixture was washed with an acidic aqueous solution to separate anisole.
4. Anisole was purified by distillation, collecting the fraction boiling at 154-156°C.

The advantages of this method are that the raw materials are readily available and the operation steps are relatively simple. However, it should be noted that dimethyl sulfate is a toxic compound and requires strict control of safety conditions during operation.

2. Preparation of anisole

by esterification of benzoic acid and methanol The principle of this method is that benzoic acid and methanol are esterified under the action of an acidic catalyst to produce methyl benzoate, and then methyl benzoate and methanol are etherified under acidic conditions to produce anisole. The specific operation steps are as follows:

1. Benzoic acid is mixed with methanol, an acidic catalyst (such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid) is added, and the mixture is heated to reflux for a certain period of time.
2. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and unreacted methanol and generated water were separated to obtain methyl benzoate.
3. Methyl benzoate is mixed with methanol, acidic catalyst is added, and heated to reflux for a certain time.
4. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and unreacted methanol and the acidic catalyst were absorbed in a basic absorbing solution to separate anisole.
5. Anisole was purified by distillation, collecting the fraction boiling at 154-156°C.
the advantage of
this method is that it can avoid the use of toxic dimethyl sulfate, but the operation process is relatively complicated and requires more steps and raw materials.

No matter which method is used to prepare anisole, the reaction conditions need to be strictly controlled to ensure product quality and safety. At the same time, the waste generated in the production process also needs to be properly treated to avoid environmental pollution.

In summary, anisole is mainly produced by the reaction of benzyl alcohol with dimethyl sulfate and by the esterification of benzoic acid with methanol. Different methods have different advantages and disadvantages and operating requirements, according to the specific production conditions and needs to choose the appropriate method for preparation.

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