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[Chemical Knowledge]：The production and manufacturing method and process of normal paraffin.

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The manufacturing method
of n-paraffin
1. Introduction

n-paraffin is a kind of common chemical production raw materials, widely used in fuels, solvents, lubricants, plastics, surfactants and other fields. With the acceleration of industrialization, the demand for n-paraffins is also increasing year by year. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the manufacturing method of n-paraffin for improving production efficiency, reducing costs and promoting industrial development. This paper will introduce the manufacturing methods of n-paraffin, including paraffin cracking, olefin polymerization, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, etc.

2. paraffin cracking method

paraffin cracking method is one of the main manufacturing methods of n-paraffin, its basic principle is under the action of high temperature and catalyst, so that the paraffin molecules cracking reaction, the formation of small molecules of n-paraffin. Specifically, the process flow of the paraffin cracking method includes the following steps:

1. Raw material pretreatment: the paraffin raw material is subjected to pretreatment such as desulfurization and dehydration to ensure the smooth progress of the cracking reaction.

2. cracking reaction: under the action of high temperature and catalyst, paraffin molecule cracking reaction occurs to generate small molecule normal paraffin.

3. Product separation: by distillation and other separation methods, the normal paraffin is separated from the cracking products.

paraffin cracking method has the advantages of easy access to raw materials and mature production process, so it is widely used in industrial production. However, the energy consumption of this method is relatively high, and a large amount of by-products and wastes will be generated during the production process, which requires effective treatment and utilization.

3. Olefin Polymerization

Olefin polymerization is a process for producing normal paraffins by polymerization of olefin molecules. Specifically, the process flow of the olefin polymerization method includes the following steps:

1. preparation of olefin raw materials: olefin raw materials are prepared by cracking or dehydrogenation reactions of olefins such as ethylene and propylene.

2. Polymerization: Under the action of the catalyst, the olefin molecules polymerize to produce high molecular weight n-paraffins.

3. Product separation: The normal paraffin is separated from the polymer by a separation method such as distillation.

olefin polymerization method has the advantages of high product purity and less by-products, so it has been applied in some specific fields. However, the catalyst cost of this method is high, and the polymerization conditions need to be strictly controlled to ensure the quality and yield of the product.

4. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a process for the production of n-paraffins by the catalytic reaction of synthesis gas (CO and H2). Specifically, the process flow of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method includes the following steps:

1. synthesis gas preparation: synthesis gas is prepared by the gasification reaction of fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas.

2. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction: Under the action of the catalyst, the synthesis gas undergoes Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction to generate liquid fuels such as n-paraffins.

3. Product separation: The normal paraffin is separated from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis product by a separation method such as distillation.

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis has the advantages of wide source of raw materials and high product yield, so it has been applied in some areas lacking oil resources. However, the energy consumption of this method is high, and the catalyst cost is also high, and it is necessary to further reduce the cost and improve the efficiency.

5. Conclusion There are many methods for the manufacture of

n-paraffins, including paraffin cracking, olefin polymerization, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, etc. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages and scope of application, which needs to be selected and optimized according to the specific situation. In the future, with the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, the manufacturing methods of n-paraffins will continue to be improved and innovated, contributing to the sustainable development of industrial production.

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