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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of potassium hydroxide

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The manufacturing method
of potassium hydroxide
potassium hydroxide (KOH) is an important inorganic chemical raw material, widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, food, light industry and other fields. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of potassium hydroxide.

1. alkali method to manufacture potassium hydroxide

alkali method to manufacture potassium hydroxide is one of the commonly used production methods, mainly including the following steps:

1. potassium chloride and sodium carbonate are mixed evenly in a certain proportion and added to the reactor.
2. At a certain temperature, steam is introduced into the reaction to generate sodium bicarbonate and potassium chloride.
3. The reaction solution was filtered to separate sodium bicarbonate and potassium chloride crystals.
4. The filtrate is treated with calcium hydroxide to convert the sodium bicarbonate therein to calcium carbonate and sodium hydroxide.
5. The calcium carbonate and sodium hydroxide solution were separated by filtration again.
6. Add a certain amount of potassium chloride to the sodium hydroxide solution to react to generate potassium hydroxide and sodium chloride.
7. The reaction solution was concentrated by evaporation to crystallize potassium hydroxide. The reaction equation for manufacturing potassium hydroxide
by
alkali method is as follows:

KCl Na2CO3 → NaHCO3 KCl

NaHCO3 Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3 ↓ NaOH H2O

NaOH KCl → KOH NaCl

2. electrolysis method Manufacturing potassium hydroxide

electrolysis method is also one of the commonly used potassium hydroxide manufacturing methods, which mainly includes the following steps:

1. Dissolve potassium chloride in water to make saturated solution.
2. In the electrolytic cell, with nickel as the anode, iron as the cathode, into the direct current for electrolysis.
3. On the cathode, hydrogen ions are reduced to hydrogen by electrons, while the concentration of hydroxide ions increases, generating potassium hydroxide.
4. At the anode, chloride ions lose electrons and oxidize to chlorine.
5. By adjusting the current and electrolyte concentration, control the generation rate and purity of potassium hydroxide.
6. The electrolyte evaporation concentration, crystallization of potassium hydroxide. The reaction equation for manufacturing potassium hydroxide

electrolysis method is as follows:

2KCl 2H2O → 2KOH Cl2 ↑ H2 ↑

3. other manufacturing methods

besides alkali method and electrolysis method, there are some other methods for manufacturing potassium hydroxide, such as:

1. lime milk method: potassium chloride reacts with lime milk to generate potassium hydroxide and calcium chloride, and then potassium hydroxide is separated and crystallized.
2. Potassium carbonate method: potassium carbonate reacts with calcium hydroxide to generate potassium hydroxide and calcium carbonate, and then separates and crystallizes to obtain potassium hydroxide.

4. precautions

In the process of manufacturing potassium hydroxide, you need to pay attention to the following matters:

1. Control the reaction temperature and reaction time to avoid the formation of by-products or affect product quality.
2. Adjust the pH value of the solution to ensure the smooth progress of the reaction.
3. The material and sealing of the equipment should be good to avoid corrosion and leakage.
4. Pay attention to safety during operation and avoid contact with skin, eyes, etc.

In short, there are many manufacturing methods for potassium hydroxide, and different methods have different advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. In actual production, the appropriate method should be selected according to the specific situation, and the operation process should be strictly controlled to ensure product quality and production safety.

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