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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production method and process flow of cyanoethyl ester

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Cyanoethyl ester is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in the fields of medicine, pesticide, plastic and rubber. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of cyanoethyl ester, including raw material preparation, reaction process, post-treatment and precautions.

1. Raw Material Preparation

The main raw materials for the manufacture of cyanoethyl ester are chloroethane, sodium cyanide and methanol. Among them, chloroethane can be produced by the reaction of ethylene and hydrogen chloride, sodium cyanide can be produced by the reaction of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen cyanide, and methanol can be produced by the catalytic synthesis of synthesis gas (CO and H2).

2. reaction process

cyanoethyl ester manufacturing process is a typical nucleophilic substitution reaction. The specific steps are as follows:

1. add a quantitative amount of methanol and sodium cyanide in a reaction kettle, stir evenly, and then cool to 0-5 ℃.
2. Under the condition of stirring, ethyl chloride is slowly added dropwise, and the dropping speed is controlled so that the reaction temperature does not exceed 10 ℃.
3. After the dropwise addition is completed, stirring is continued for 1-2 hours, and then the temperature is raised to the reflux temperature, and the reflux state is maintained for 2-3 hours.
4. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured into a separatory funnel, and washed with water until neutral.
5. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then methanol was recovered by distillation to obtain a crude cyanoethyl ester.

3. post-treatment

crude cyanoethyl ester needs to be refined to obtain a higher purity product. The purification method may be a method such as distillation or crystallization. Among them, the distillation method is suitable for large-scale production, and the crystallization method is suitable for small-scale production. The purity of the purified cyanoethyl ester can reach more than 99%.

4. precautions

1. cyanoethyl used in the manufacturing process of raw materials ethyl chloride, sodium cyanide and methanol have certain toxicity, need to strictly control the operation process, to avoid leakage and contact.
2. The temperature needs to be controlled during the reaction to avoid side reactions caused by excessive temperature.
3. Pay attention to safety during the post-treatment process and avoid contact with heat sources and open flames.

In short, the manufacturing process of cyanoethyl ester requires strict control of operating conditions and raw material quality to ensure product quality and production safety. At the same time, the waste water and waste gas generated in the production process also need to be properly treated to avoid harm to the environment and human body.

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