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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of oxalic acid

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Manufacturing Methods
of Oxalic Acid
Oxalic acid is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in medicine, chemical industry, metallurgy and other fields. In the field of chemical production raw materials, the manufacturing methods of oxalic acid mainly include the following:

1. oxidation method

oxidation method is a commonly used method in the production of oxalic acid, mainly using starch, glucose, cellulose and other carbohydrates as raw materials, through oxidation reaction to produce oxalic acid. The specific process is as follows:

1. raw material preparation: starch, glucose and other raw materials are added to the reaction kettle.

2. Oxidation reaction: Adding oxidants, such as nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, etc., to control a certain temperature and pH value, so that the raw materials are oxidized to form oxalic acid.

3. separation and purification: the reaction solution is separated and purified to obtain the oxalic acid product. The advantages of

oxidation method are simple process and convenient operation, but the purity of the generated oxalic acid is low, which needs to be further purified.

2. carbonyl synthesis

carbonyl synthesis is a more advanced oxalic acid manufacturing method, mainly with carbon monoxide and sodium hydroxide as raw materials, in the role of the catalyst, through the carbonylation reaction of oxalic acid. The specific process is as follows:

1. raw material preparation: carbon monoxide and sodium hydroxide are mixed in a certain proportion and added to the reaction kettle.

2. Carbonylation reaction: under the action of the catalyst, control a certain temperature and pressure, so that carbon monoxide and sodium hydroxide carbonylation reaction to generate sodium oxalate.

3. Acidification crystallization: The sodium oxalate solution is acidified with an acidifying agent to form oxalic acid and crystallize out.

4. Separation and drying: Crystalline oxalic acid is separated and dried to obtain an oxalic acid product.

carbonyl synthesis has the advantages of high product purity and high yield, but the process conditions are relatively harsh and need to be carried out under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

3. Ethylene glycol oxidation method

Ethylene glycol oxidation method is a relatively new method for manufacturing oxalic acid, which mainly uses ethylene glycol as raw material to produce oxalic acid through oxidation reaction. The specific process is as follows:

1. raw material preparation: ethylene glycol is added to the reaction kettle.

2. Oxidation reaction: Add an oxidant, such as hydrogen peroxide, etc., to control a certain temperature and pH value, so that the oxidation of ethylene glycol to generate oxalic acid and carbon dioxide.

3. separation and purification: the reaction solution is separated and purified to obtain the oxalic acid product. The advantages of

ethylene glycol oxidation method are that the raw materials are readily available and the reaction conditions are mild, but the resulting oxalic acid has a low purity and needs to be further purified.

In summary, there are many manufacturing methods of oxalic acid, and different methods have different advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. When choosing the manufacturing method of oxalic acid, it is necessary to consider comprehensively according to the specific production conditions and needs, and choose the most suitable method. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to safety and environmental protection during the production process, comply with relevant laws, regulations and standard requirements, and ensure product quality and production safety.

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