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[Chemical Knowledge]：Liquefied gas production and manufacturing methods and processes.

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Manufacturing method
of liquefied gas
liquefied gas is a widely used raw material for chemical production, mainly composed of hydrocarbons. Its manufacturing method mainly involves the processing, purification and liquefaction of natural gas. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of liquefied gas in detail.

1. natural gas processing

the main raw material of liquefied gas is natural gas, so it is necessary to process natural gas before manufacturing liquefied gas. Natural gas treatment mainly includes desulfurization, dehydration, hydrocarbon removal and other steps to ensure the quality and purity of natural gas.

1. Desulfurization

natural gas usually contains acid gases such as hydrogen sulfide. These gases are highly corrosive to liquefaction equipment, so they need to be removed before liquefaction. Commonly used desulfurization methods include dry desulfurization and wet desulfurization.

2. Dehydration

Natural gas contains a certain amount of water, which will form ice crystals during the liquefaction process, which will affect the normal operation of the liquefaction equipment. Therefore, the natural gas needs to be dehydrated prior to liquefaction. Commonly used dehydration methods include absorption and adsorption.

3. Dealkylation

Natural gas also contains some heavy hydrocarbon compounds, which will affect the liquefaction efficiency and product quality during the liquefaction process. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out hydrocarbon removal treatment on natural gas before liquefaction. Commonly used hydrocarbon removal methods include condensation and absorption.

2. natural gas liquefaction

treated natural gas needs to be liquefied for storage and transportation. The liquefaction of natural gas mainly adopts the cooling method, which is cooled to a low temperature below -162 ℃ to convert it into liquid state.

1. Pre-cooling

Before liquefaction, the natural gas needs to be pre-cooled to reduce its temperature to about -50°C. The purpose of pre-cooling is to reduce the energy consumption in the subsequent cooling process and improve the liquefaction efficiency.

2. The main cooling

the natural gas after pre-cooling treatment enters the main cooler and exchanges heat with the refrigerant to reduce its temperature to a low temperature below -162 ℃. The main cooler typically employs a mixed refrigerant cycle or a cascade refrigeration cycle.

3. Separation and storage

The liquefied natural gas is separated into gas and liquid through the separator. The liquid liquefied gas enters the storage tank for storage, and the gaseous natural gas is discharged through the vent pipe.

the storage and transportation of 3. liquefied gas
After the
liquefied gas is manufactured, it needs to be stored and transported. Due to the low temperature characteristics of liquefied gas, special storage tanks and transportation equipment are required for storage and transportation. Common types of storage tanks include above-ground storage tanks and underground storage tanks, and transportation equipment mainly uses dedicated tank cars or ships.

In short, the manufacturing method of liquefied gas involves multiple links and processes, and the quality and safety of each link need to be strictly controlled to ensure the quality and reliability of the final product. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of environmental awareness and the transformation of energy structure, the manufacture and use of liquefied gas also need to pay more attention to environmental protection and sustainability.

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