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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of ammonium carbonate

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Ammonium bicarbonate, also known as ammonium bicarbonate, is a widely used nitrogen fertilizer that is easily soluble in water and has fast fertilizer efficiency. In the field of raw materials for chemical production, the main manufacturing methods of ammonium bicarbonate are ammoniation, carbonization and combined alkali making. These three manufacturing methods will be described in detail below.

1. ammoniation method
ammoniation method is the main method of producing ammonium bicarbonate, and its process includes three steps of carbonization, ammoniation and crystallization.
(1) Carbonization: Limestone is mixed with coal and heated to generate lime and carbon dioxide gas. The lime then reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide, which reacts with carbon dioxide to form a calcium carbonate precipitate and a calcium bicarbonate solution.
(2) ammoniation: the reaction of calcium bicarbonate solution with ammonia water generates ammonium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate precipitate. The calcium carbonate precipitate is removed by filtration and the ammonium bicarbonate solution crystallizes.
(3) Crystallization: ammonium bicarbonate solution crystallizes and precipitates ammonium bicarbonate at a lower temperature, and after centrifugal separation, drying and other processes, the finished product ammonium bicarbonate is obtained.
2. Carbonization Method The
carbonization method is a method in which carbon dioxide gas is passed into concentrated ammonia water, and the ammonia water absorbs carbon dioxide to generate ammonium bicarbonate. The specific steps are as follows:
(1) Preparation of concentrated ammonia water: Liquid ammonia is mixed with water to prepare concentrated ammonia water.
(2) carbonization: carbon dioxide gas into the concentrated ammonia, ammonia absorption of carbon dioxide, ammonium bicarbonate solution.
(3) Crystallization: Ammonium bicarbonate solution crystallizes and precipitates ammonium bicarbonate at a suitable temperature, and after centrifugal separation, drying and other processes, the finished product ammonium bicarbonate is obtained.
3. Combined alkali making method
Combined alkali making method is a method that combines ammonia alkali method and synthetic ammonia method to produce soda ash and ammonium carbonate at the same time. The specific steps are as follows:
(1) Preparation of soda ash: salt, limestone and coal are mixed and heated to generate soda ash and carbon dioxide gas.
(2) absorption of carbon dioxide: carbon dioxide gas into the concentrated ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate solution.
(3) Crystallization: Ammonium bicarbonate solution crystallizes and precipitates ammonium bicarbonate at a suitable temperature, and after centrifugal separation, drying and other processes, the finished product ammonium bicarbonate is obtained. At the same time, the mother liquor contains unreacted sodium chloride, which can be recycled.

The above are three common ammonium bicarbonate manufacturing methods, and different methods have different advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. In actual production, the appropriate manufacturing method can be selected according to factors such as raw material source, production cost and product quality. At the same time, in order to ensure the quality and output of ammonium bicarbonate, the following items need to be paid attention to:

1. Control the quality of raw materials: ensure the quality and purity of raw materials, and avoid the impact of impurities on the production process and product quality.
2. Control reaction conditions: reasonable control of reaction temperature, pressure, pH value and other conditions to ensure the smooth progress of the reaction and product stability.
3. Strengthen equipment maintenance: regular maintenance and maintenance of production equipment to ensure the normal operation of equipment and extend the service life.
4. Strengthen production management: establish a sound production management system and operating procedures to ensure the standardization and standardization of the production process.

In short, the manufacturing method of ammonium bicarbonate needs to be selected and optimized according to the actual situation, and at the same time strengthen production management and quality control to improve product quality and production efficiency.

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