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[Chemical Knowledge]：The production and manufacturing method and process of zinc oxide.

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The manufacturing method
of zinc oxide
zinc oxide is an important raw material for chemical production, which is widely used in plastics, ceramics, glass, electronics, medicine and other fields. There are two main types of manufacturing methods: physical method and chemical method. This article will introduce these two manufacturing methods in detail, as well as their respective advantages and disadvantages and application scope.

1. physical method to manufacture zinc oxide

physical method to manufacture zinc oxide is mainly through mechanical grinding, high temperature calcination and other physical means, zinc ore or zinc waste into zinc oxide. The specific steps are as follows:

1. ore preparation: choose zinc ore with high zinc content, after crushing, grinding into a certain fineness of powder.
2. Calcination: The zinc ore powder is calcined in a high temperature furnace to convert the zinc oxide therein into zinc oxide. Calcination temperature and time are the key factors affecting the purity and particle size of zinc oxide.
3. Crushing: The calcined zinc oxide block is crushed and classified to obtain zinc oxide powder with the required particle size.

physical method to manufacture zinc oxide has the advantages of simple process and low cost, but the product purity is low, the particle size distribution is wide, suitable for the field of zinc oxide purity is not high.

2. chemical method to manufacture zinc oxide

chemical method to manufacture zinc oxide is to convert zinc salt into zinc oxide through chemical reaction. Commonly used chemical methods are precipitation method, hydrolysis method, sol-gel method and so on.

1. precipitation method: zinc salt solution reacts with alkali solution to generate zinc hydroxide precipitation, and then calcined to obtain zinc oxide. The key to the precipitation method is to control the precipitation conditions and calcination temperature to obtain high-purity, uniform particle size zinc oxide.
2. hydrolysis method: add acid or alkali in the zinc salt solution, the zinc ion hydrolysis reaction to generate zinc hydroxide, and then calcined to obtain zinc oxide. The hydrolysis method requires strict control of the pH value and temperature of the solution to ensure the hydrolysis reaction.
3. Sol-gel method: the zinc salt solution is reacted with an organic or inorganic compound to form a sol, which is obtained by gelation, drying, calcination and other steps. Zinc oxide with high purity, uniform particle size and controllable morphology can be prepared by sol-gel method, but the process is more complicated.

chemical method to manufacture zinc oxide has the advantages of high product purity and narrow particle size distribution, but the process is more complex and the cost is relatively high, which is suitable for the field of zinc oxide purity and particle size requirements.

3. application of zinc oxide

zinc oxide as an important chemical production of raw materials, in the following areas are widely used:

1. plastic industry: zinc oxide can be used as plastic additives, improve its heat resistance, weather resistance and mechanical properties.
2. Ceramic industry: Zinc oxide can be used to prepare ceramic glazes and ceramic bodies to improve the toughness and thermal shock resistance of ceramics.
3. Glass industry: Zinc oxide can be used as a glass additive to improve the transparency, heat resistance and mechanical strength of glass.
4. Electronics industry: Zinc oxide can be used to prepare piezoelectric materials, gas-sensitive materials, optoelectronic devices, etc.
5. Pharmaceutical industry: zinc oxide can be used as a drug carrier and antibacterial agent for the treatment of skin diseases, oral ulcers and other diseases.

In short, zinc oxide has a wide range of applications in the field of chemical production raw materials, and the choice of its manufacturing method depends on the requirements of product purity and particle size, as well as factors such as production costs.

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