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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of o-Phenylenediamine

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O-phenylenediamine (o-phenylenediamine, referred to as OPD) is an important organic compound, which is widely used in the field of chemical production raw materials. In this paper, the properties and uses of o-phenylenediamine are discussed in detail.

1. The properties of o-phenylenediamine

1. Physical properties
o-phenylenediamine is a white to reddish crystalline powder with a strong pungent odor. It is easily soluble in water, ethanol and ether, slightly soluble in benzene and chloroform. It has a melting point of 102-104°C, a boiling point of 245°C and a flash point of 133°C.

2. chemical properties
o-phenylenediamine has strong reducibility and is easily oxidized to phthalic acid. At the same time, it also has a certain alkaline, can react with acid to generate salt. In addition, o-phenylenediamine has good coordination ability and can form stable complexes with many metal ions.

2. the use of o-phenylenediamine

1. dye production
o-phenylenediamine is an important dye intermediates, can be used to produce a variety of dyes, such as acid dyes, direct dyes, mordant dyes and so on. By reacting with different carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid and other groups, dyes of various colors can be prepared.

2. rubber additives
o-phenylenediamine can be used as rubber antioxidant, which can effectively improve the oxidation resistance and heat resistance of rubber products and prolong the service life of rubber products.

3. pharmaceutical intermediates
o-phenylenediamine can be used to produce a variety of pharmaceutical intermediates, such as anticancer drugs, antibacterial drugs, etc. In addition, it can also be used to prepare developer for X-ray film and other fields.

4. Metal complexing agent
o-phenylenediamine has strong coordination ability, which can be used as a metal complexing agent for the extraction, separation and identification of metal ions.

In conclusion, o-phenylenediamine, as an important raw material for chemical production, is widely used in the fields of dyes, rubber, medicine and metal complexation. In the process of use, attention should be paid to its irritation and toxicity, and safety protection measures should be taken.

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