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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties and Uses of Sulfuric Acid

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Sulfuric acid is an important raw material for chemical production, which is widely used in various fields. This article will detail the properties and uses of sulfuric acid.

1. the nature of sulfuric acid

sulfuric acid is a colorless, transparent, oily liquid, with strong corrosive and oxidizing. It has the following properties:

1. Acidity: Sulfuric acid is a strong acid that can react with water to produce hydrogen ions and sulfate ions, making the solution acidic.

2. Oxidation: Sulfuric acid has strong oxidation and can react with many substances.

3. Dehydration: Sulfuric acid can take away the water in many organic matters and make it carbonized.

4. water absorption: sulfuric acid has strong water absorption, can absorb moisture in the air.

2. the use of sulfuric acid

sulfuric acid in the field of chemical production raw materials have a wide range of uses, mainly including the following aspects:

1. preparation of chemical fertilizers: sulfuric acid can be used to prepare nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and other fertilizers, for agricultural production to provide important nutrients.

2. Production of chemical fibers: Sulfuric acid can be used to produce chemical fibers such as man-made fibers and synthetic fibers, providing important raw materials for the textile industry.

3. Preparation of dyes and pigments: Sulfuric acid can be used to prepare various dyes and pigments, providing an important source of pigments for the printing and dyeing and coating industries.

4. Cleaning the metal surface: Sulfuric acid can be used to clean the metal surface, remove rust and oxides, and provide an important pretreatment process for metal processing.

5. Preparation of drugs: Sulfuric acid can be used to prepare various drugs, such as ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, etc., to provide important raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry.

3. sulfuric acid production process

sulfuric acid production process mainly has the following kinds:

1. contact method: pyrite and air at high temperature calcination, sulfur dioxide gas, and then sulfur dioxide gas and oxygen in the catalyst under the action of the reaction to generate sulfur trioxide gas, and finally the sulfur trioxide gas water absorption, sulfuric acid.

2. Wet method: pyrite reacts with dilute sulfuric acid to produce ferrous sulfate and sulfuric acid, then ferrous sulfate reacts with oxygen to produce ferric sulfate and ferric hydroxide precipitate, and finally ferric hydroxide precipitate is filtered off to obtain sulfuric acid.
Precautions for storage and use of
4. sulfuric acid

Because sulfuric acid is highly corrosive and oxidizing, the following items need to be paid attention to during storage and use:

1. Storage: Sulfuric acid should be stored in a cool, dry, Well-ventilated place, avoid direct sunlight and high temperature.

2: When using sulfuric acid, wear protective gloves, goggles and other personal protective equipment to avoid contact with skin and eyes. If accidentally come into contact with sulfuric acid, should immediately rinse with water, and timely medical treatment.

In short, sulfuric acid, as an important raw material for chemical production, is widely used in various fields. Understanding the nature and use of sulfuric acid, as well as the correct storage and use methods, is of great significance to ensure production safety and improve product quality.

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