[Chemical Knowledge]：How to produce methanol

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Methanol is an important chemical. It plays an important role in many fields such as industry, medicine and agriculture. There are many ways to produce methanol, the most common of which are synthesis and fermentation. Below, this article will introduce the production method of methanol and its principle.

1. synthesis

synthesis is the most common production method of methanol. Its main raw materials are carbon monoxide and hydrogen. In the case of heating and high pressure, through the action of the catalyst, hydrogen and carbon monoxide will undergo an alcoholization reaction to produce methanol. This is a highly efficient way of producing methanol.

Taking the boiling bed reactor as an example, the production steps of methanol are as follows:

1. Pressurization: After mixing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the mixed gas is pressurized to reach a certain pressure, usually 20-30 MPa.

2. Reaction: A part of the mixed gas is injected into the reactor, and after heating, high pressure, and catalyst action (usually copper oxide, zinc oxide and other catalysts), methanol is produced.

3. Separation: The yield of methanol is very high, but it also contains impurities such as gaseous substances and water that have not been reacted. It is necessary to separate the product by distillation and other methods, and only retain high-purity methanol.

2. fermentation

fermentation is a production method for producing biomethanol. The raw material for the production of methanol by fermentation is usually sugar-containing substances in plants or animals, such as wood or fruits. The fermentation process requires the use of methanolacillus prokaryotes to convert sugars into methanol.

methanolyprokaryotes rely on photosynthesis, and under the irradiation of light, methanolyprokaryotes can convert carbon dioxide into methanol. Therefore, fermentation is a suitable method for methanol production in sunny areas.

3. Hydrodeoxygenation

Hydrodeoxygenation is a process for producing high quality methanol. In this method, oxygen-containing compounds such as formaldehyde and formic acid are reacted with hydrogen through a catalyst to produce methanol with a low freezing point, and the purity of the product is high.
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hydrodeoxygenation method, the production amount of methanol can be adjusted by changing conditions such as pressure, and the production amount and quality of methanol can be improved by changing the type of catalyst or using a plurality of catalyst effects.

summary

The above are three common methanol production methods, all of which have certain advantages and disadvantages. The synthetic method has high production efficiency, but the environmental pollution is more serious; the fermentation method has less environmental pollution, but the production efficiency is low; the hydrodeoxygenation method produces high quality methanol but the cost is higher. Therefore, the choice of methanol production method should be determined according to the specific situation and conditions.