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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production process and preparation method of caprolactam

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Caprolactam is a commonly used organic chemical, widely used in the manufacture of nylon, light stabilizers, paints, coatings, plastics, rubber and other fields. In this article, we will learn about the production process and preparation methods of caprolactam, including the selection of raw materials, reaction conditions, and reaction control.
1. Selection of raw materials
caprolactam raw materials are mainly adipic acid, ammonia and acetone peroxide. Among them, adipic acid is the main raw material, which can be produced by relatively simple chemical synthesis or oxidation. Ammonia and acetone peroxide act as catalysts and oxidants, respectively.
2. Reaction conditions In the production of
caprolactam, the reaction conditions have an important influence on the quality and yield of the product. Generally speaking, under the conditions of reaction temperature of 140-160 ℃ and reaction pressure of 0.5-1.5MPa, the yield of caprolactam produced by the reaction of adipic acid and ammonia can reach more than 90%, while the addition of acetone peroxide can accelerate the reaction rate and increase the yield.
3. Reaction control
In the reaction control, in addition to the control of reaction conditions, it is also necessary to control the intermediate products in the reaction process. It should be noted that excessive ammonia may cause aminolysis reaction, but also produce adverse products such as trimethylamine carbonate. In addition, the water and alcohols produced in the reaction also affect the reaction yield and product quality, so it is necessary to carry out effective acetone drying and side reaction control.
4. Method for Producing Caprolactam The method for producing caprolactam
is broadly classified into two types: a gas phase method and a liquid phase method. The gas phase method generally uses a fixed bed reactor, the reactant flows from bottom to top, and the gas phase is discharged through an outlet at the top of the fixed bed reactor. The liquid phase law uses a reflux reactor, the reactant reacts in the liquid phase, and the product is separated by a condenser and other equipment after the reaction.
the above is the basic knowledge of the production process and preparation method of caprolactam. This knowledge not only improves the efficiency and quality of caprolactam production, but is also the basis for further research and advanced technologies such as electrolytic synthesis.

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