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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production process and preparation method of bisphenol A

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Bisphenol A(BPA) is an organic chemical widely used in the production of plastics, resins and coatings. BPA is also a common industrial chemical, which is widely used in plastic products, industrial paper, cling film, thermal paper, epoxy resin, jute and other fields. On a global scale, the annual output of BPA has exceeded 3.5 million tons. Therefore, the research and development of BPA production processes and preparation methods are very important.

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The production process of BPA is usually divided into two stages: the reaction of benzaldehyde and phenol to produce benzophenone, and then the benzophenone is reduced to obtain BPA. The production process of BPA will be introduced from these two aspects.

1. Reaction of benzaldehyde and phenol
the main process is the synthesis of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) acetone (DPHP) by the addition reaction of benzaldehyde and phenol. The 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) acetone intermediate is the key to the synthesis of BPA.
Benzaldehyde and phenol were added into the reactor, and H2SO4 or phthalic acid was used as catalyst to make the addition reaction of the two. The product of the reaction is firstly DPHP.
However, the addition reaction of benzaldehyde and phenol is irreversible, so in production, it is necessary to increase the conversion rate by iterative reaction. For this reason, industrial chemists use isophthalic acid as a compound to promote the forward and reverse reaction to improve the yield of the reaction product.

2. Benzophenone reduction
described next is the step of benzophenone reduction. This step is the reduction of the prepared benzophenone to BPA.
Enough hydrochloric acid solution was added to the reactor to acidify the solution. A reducing agent, such as sodium ferrocyanide, zinc powder, and a catalyst, such as ammonium chloride, manganese oxide, etc., are then added. These reducing agents and catalysts can help reduce the benzophenone and act as catalysts in the reaction.
After the reaction is completed, the BPA solution is filtered and subjected to distillation, drying and other treatment processes to prepare BPA with a purity of more than 99%.

In summary, the production process of BPA includes two stages: the reaction of benzaldehyde and phenol and the reduction of benzophenone. During the reaction of benzaldehyde and phenol, chemists use a catalyst to facilitate the reaction. In the benzophenone reduction process, a reducing agent and a catalyst are used to help reduce the benzophenone to BPA. The efficiency and greening of these processes have become a hot topic of research, and exploring more efficient and greener production processes is the future research direction.

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