[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties, uses, upstream and downstream raw materials, storage methods, advantages and disadvantages of dispersants

Dispersant properties

Dispersants are an important class of surfactants, the main role of which is to reduce the surface tension between the particles, so that the particles can be uniformly dispersed in the liquid medium. Dispersants have the following important properties:

surface activity

The molecular structure of the dispersant contains hydrophilic groups and hydrophobic groups, and this amphiphilic nature enables it to adsorb on the surface of the particles to form a stable interface film, thereby preventing the aggregation and sedimentation of the particles. Different dispersants show different surface activity due to the difference of their molecular structure.

charge stability

Many dispersants can introduce charges on the surface of the particles, causing electrostatic repulsion between the particles, thereby further improving the stability of the dispersion system. Common charged dispersants include anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic dispersants.

molecular weight and solubility

The molecular weight and solubility of the dispersant have a significant effect on its performance. High molecular weight dispersants generally provide better stability, but may be less soluble, requiring more complex dissolution and dispersion processes. Low molecular weight dispersants are relatively soluble, but may not be as stable as high molecular weight dispersants.

Dispersant use

Dispersants are widely used in various industries, and their main uses include but are not limited to the following:

coating industry

In the production of coatings, dispersants are used to disperse pigments and fillers to ensure uniform color and storage stability of the coatings. The high-efficiency dispersant can improve the dispersion efficiency of the pigment, reduce the grinding time, and improve the fluidity and gloss of the coating.

pesticide industry

In pesticide formulation, dispersants contribute to the uniform distribution of active ingredients in water and enhance the spraying effect and retention of pesticides. Dispersants can also improve the permeability and absorption rate of pesticides, reduce the amount of drugs and environmental pollution.

Oilfield Chemicals

In the process of oil field exploitation and treatment, dispersant is used to stabilize mud and emulsion and prevent the settlement and blockage of solid particles. Dispersants are also used to improve the efficiency of oil recovery and reduce the viscosity of oil products to facilitate the flow and transportation of crude oil.

Other applications

Dispersants are also widely used in papermaking, textiles, rubber, plastics, food, cosmetics and other industries, for the dispersion and stability of various solid particles, liquids and gases. For example, in the paper industry, dispersants are used for the dispersion of pulp and pigments to improve paper quality and printing results.

Dispersant upstream and downstream raw materials

The production of dispersants involves a variety of chemical raw materials, and its upstream and downstream raw materials can be divided into the following aspects:

Upstream raw materials

Upstream raw materials mainly include various basic chemical raw materials and additives. For example, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, styrene, acrylic acid, etc. are important basic raw materials for the synthesis of dispersants. Various functional monomers, crosslinking agents, initiators, solvents, etc. are also indispensable auxiliary materials in the production process of dispersants.

Downstream Applications

Dispersant downstream applications are very extensive, covering coatings, inks, pesticides, textiles, paper and other industries. In specific applications, the dispersant is usually used together with other functional additives such as thickeners, preservatives, defoamers, etc. to form a complex formulation system to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

Dispersant storage method

The storage of dispersants has an important impact on their performance and safety. Different types of dispersants need to pay attention to the following aspects when storing:

Temperature control

Most dispersants are sensitive to temperature, especially some high molecular weight dispersants are prone to gelation or precipitation at low temperatures. Therefore, dispersants should be stored in a cool and dry environment to avoid the effects of high temperatures and extreme low temperatures. The general recommended storage temperature is 10-30 degrees Celsius.

Moisture-proof and corrosion-proof

Dispersants usually have a certain degree of hygroscopicity, and long-term exposure to the air may absorb moisture, resulting in performance degradation. Therefore, the dispersant should be stored sealed to prevent the ingress of moisture and air. Dispersants may react corrosively with certain metals and should be stored away from direct contact with metal containers.

Safety Management

Some dispersants have certain toxicity or flammability, and special attention should be paid to safety precautions during storage and transportation. Relevant laws and regulations on chemical storage and transportation shall be strictly observed, and necessary protective equipment and emergency measures shall be provided to prevent accidents such as leakage and fire.

Conclusion

As an important chemical additive, dispersant plays an irreplaceable role in many industries. Its excellent dispersion performance not only improves the quality and performance of the product, but also greatly reduces the production cost and environmental impact. Understanding the nature, use, upstream and downstream raw materials and storage methods of dispersants is of great significance for optimizing the production process and improving the competitiveness of products. With the continuous progress of technology and the change of market demand, the application field of dispersant will continue to expand, and the future development prospect is very broad.