[Chemical Knowledge]：The nature, use, upstream and downstream raw materials, storage methods of polyvinyl chloride resin, what is polyvinyl chloride resin made

Polyvinyl chloride resin properties

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin is a synthetic resin based on vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), which has excellent physical and chemical properties. The appearance of PVC resin is usually white powder, with high density and high molecular weight characteristics. Its physical properties include high strength, rigidity and stretch resistance, as well as good wear resistance and impact resistance. In terms of chemical properties, PVC resin has good chemical corrosion resistance, can resist the erosion of a variety of acid, alkali and salt chemicals, and it also has flame retardancy, good self-extinguishing, and is not easy to burn. PVC resin also has strong resistance to ultraviolet rays and oxidation.

Polyvinyl chloride resin use

Polyvinyl chloride resin is widely used in various fields due to its excellent performance. The construction industry is one of the major application markets for PVC resins for the manufacture of pipes, profiles, flooring, wallboards, doors and windows and other building materials. Its excellent weather resistance and corrosion resistance make it have obvious advantages in outdoor facilities and underground pipelines. The manufacture of insulation and sheath of cables and wires is also an important application field of PVC resin. Its good electrical insulation performance and flame retardancy ensure the safety of cables. PVC resin is also used in the production of toys, packaging materials, medical equipment (such as infusion bags, catheters), daily consumer goods (such as soles, raincoats) and so on.

PVC resin upstream raw material

The production of PVC resin mainly depends on vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), and its upstream raw materials mainly include ethylene and chlorine. Ethylene is usually obtained from petroleum cracking or natural gas decomposition, and is an important basic chemical raw material. Chlorine gas is obtained by salt electrolysis. In the synthesis process of VCM, ethylene and chlorine gas are added to produce 1,2-dichloroethane (EDC) under the action of catalyst, and then EDC generates VCM through high temperature cracking reaction. It should be noted that the production process of vinyl chloride monomer has certain environmental risks and safety hazards, so it is necessary to strictly control the reaction conditions and prevent leakage during the production process.

Polyvinyl chloride resin downstream industry

The downstream industry of PVC resin involves many fields, including building materials, wire and cable, consumer goods, packaging materials, medical equipment, etc. In terms of building materials, the market demand for PVC pipes and profiles is huge, mainly used for water supply and drainage pipes, door and window frames, etc. In the wire and cable industry, PVC is widely used as an insulation and sheath material to ensure the safety and stability of power transmission. In the field of consumer goods, PVC is used in the production of various daily plastic products, such as floor leather, wallpaper, soles, etc. In terms of packaging materials, PVC films and sheets are widely used in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic packaging. In the field of medical devices, PVC materials are used to manufacture medical products such as infusion tubes and blood bags due to their biocompatibility and chemical stability.

PVC resin production process

The production of polyvinyl chloride resin is mainly carried out by suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization and bulk polymerization. Suspension polymerization is the most commonly used process, accounting for more than 80% of global PVC production. In this process, vinyl chloride monomer exists in water in a suspended state, and the polymerization reaction is initiated by an initiator to generate a PVC resin. Emulsion polymerization is carried out in the presence of water and surfactants, the resulting PVC particles are smaller, suitable for the preparation of high transparency PVC products. Bulk polymerization is a polymerization reaction under solvent-free conditions to produce high-purity PVC resin. These processes have their own advantages and disadvantages, and manufacturers can choose the appropriate route according to the use of the final product.

Polyvinyl chloride resin storage method

The storage of polyvinyl chloride resin requires attention to moisture-proof, fire-proof, and pollution-proof. PVC resin should be stored in a dry, ventilated warehouse, avoid direct sunlight and humid environment, to prevent the resin moisture caking and performance degradation. Because PVC resin has certain flammability, it should be away from fire source and high temperature area, and equipped with corresponding fire fighting equipment. Thirdly, the storage environment should be kept clean to prevent the pollution of dust and impurities and ensure the quality of the resin. PVC resin in handling and stacking should be handled with care to prevent packaging damage and leakage. The packaging bag should be well sealed, and indicate the product name, production date and precautions and other information to facilitate management and use.

PVC resin market prospect analysis

The market demand for PVC resin is affected by many factors, including the level of economic development, the development of the construction industry, the process of urbanization and environmental protection policies. With the recovery of the global economy and the acceleration of infrastructure construction, especially in developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region, the demand for PVC building materials will continue to grow. With the improvement of environmental awareness and the implementation of relevant laws and regulations, low-toxic and environmentally friendly PVC products will become the mainstream of the market and promote the green development of PVC resins. Although the PVC resin market has a broad prospect, the environmental problems and resource consumption problems in the production process still need to be paid attention to. Enterprises should increase technological innovation and environmental protection investment, improve production efficiency and product quality, and promote the sustainable development of the industry.

As an important synthetic material, polyvinyl chloride resin has excellent physical and chemical properties and a wide range of applications. Its upstream raw materials mainly include ethylene and chlorine, and its downstream involves construction, cable, consumer goods and other industries. The production process is diverse, and the storage needs to pay attention to moisture-proof and fire-proof. Driven by market demand, the PVC resin industry has good development prospects, but it also faces challenges in environmental protection and resource utilization. Through technological innovation and green development, the PVC resin industry will continue to maintain strong growth.