[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties, uses, upstream and downstream raw materials, storage methods, diisononyl phthalate (dinp)

Properties of Diisononyl Phthalate

Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is an important phthalate ester plasticizer, the chemical formula is C26H42O4. Its appearance is a colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid with a slight aromatic odor. DINP has a molecular weight of 418.61g/mol, a boiling point of 386°C, a density of about 0.97g/cm³, a flash point higher than 200°C, and is insoluble in water but soluble in a variety of organic solvents such as ethanol, ether and benzene. Due to the long chain alkyl in its chemical structure, its plasticizing effect is outstanding, and its heat resistance, cold resistance, aging resistance and electrical insulation are good.

Use of diisononyl phthalate

DINP is mainly used as a plasticizer and is widely used in plastics, rubber and coatings. As a plasticizer, it can give polymer materials better flexibility, ductility and processability, especially in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products are most widely used, such as cables, wires, flooring materials, artificial leather and automotive interiors. DINP is also used in the manufacture of toys, medical devices, food packaging materials and other products that require high flexibility and durability. Due to its low volatility and good physical and chemical properties, DINP has gradually replaced traditional phthalate plasticizers, such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP), in many applications.

Upstream raw materials

The main upstream feedstocks for the production of DINP include phthalic anhydride and isononanol. Phthalic anhydride is an intermediate produced by the oxidation of o-xylene and is a key raw material for the manufacture of phthalate plasticizers. Iso-nonanol is synthesized from C4-olefins (such as butene) and synthesis gas (H2 and CO) at high temperature and pressure. The two are esterified to produce diisononyl phthalate. The esterification process requires a catalyst, such as concentrated sulfuric acid or other acidic catalysts, and the reaction is carried out at high temperatures to achieve higher yields.

Downstream Products

DINP as a plasticizer, its downstream products are mainly a variety of flexible PVC products. These articles include cable sheathing, automotive interiors, floor leather, wallpaper, plastic hoses and films, etc. DINP is also used to manufacture polyurethane materials, coatings, adhesives and sealants, which are widely used in the construction, electronics, automotive and consumer goods industries. With the continuous strengthening of environmental regulations, the application of DINP has gradually expanded to more areas that require low volatility and high durability, such as environmentally friendly coatings and green building materials.

Diisononyl Phthalate Storage Method

Storage of DINP is subject to certain safety procedures. Because of its stable chemical properties, it may decompose at high temperatures, so it needs to be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, avoiding direct sunlight and high temperature environment. Storage containers for DINP shall be well sealed and usually packed in steel or plastic drums to prevent leakage and contamination. During transportation, contact with strong oxidants, strong acids and strong bases should be avoided to prevent chemical reactions. Storage areas should be equipped with appropriate fire fighting equipment to deal with possible fire risks.

Environmental and health impacts

Although DINP has many excellent physical and chemical properties, its environmental and health effects also need to be paid attention. Studies have shown that DINP may have effects on the reproductive system and have some environmental persistence. Therefore, there are strict restrictions and monitoring on the use and emission of DINP internationally. When producing and using DINP, the manufacturer should follow the relevant environmental protection regulations and take necessary protective measures to prevent its adverse effects on the environment and human health.

Market Trends and Prospects

With the continuous improvement of global environmental protection and health and safety requirements, traditional phthalate plasticizers are gradually replaced by new plasticizers with better performance and lower toxicity. As a relatively safe phthalate plasticizer, DINP still occupies an important position in the market. Especially in the fields of cables, automotive interiors and building materials, DINP demand remains strong. In the future, with the improvement of technological progress and environmental awareness, DINP's production process and application areas are expected to be further optimized and expanded.

Conclusion

As an important plasticizer, diisononyl phthalate (DINP) has received extensive attention due to its excellent performance and wide application fields. Its upstream raw materials are mainly phthalic anhydride and isononyl alcohol, which are generated by esterification reaction. DINP is widely used in flexible PVC products, coatings, adhesives and other fields, its storage needs to pay attention to safety and environmental protection. Despite certain health and environmental risks, DINP still has broad market prospects and application potential under strict supervision and scientific management.