[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties, uses, upstream and downstream raw materials, storage methods, chemical properties of o-nitroaniline

Properties of o-Nitroaniline

Ortho-nitroaniline (o-Nitroaniline, chemical formula C6H6N2O2) is an important organic compound with a molecular weight of 138.12g/mol. It presents a yellow crystalline or powdery appearance with a characteristic bitter taste and a density of about 1.38g/cm³. It has a melting point of 71-73°C and a boiling point of 284°C, and is soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene, but has a low solubility in water. As a kind of aromatic nitro compounds, o-nitroaniline has certain toxicity and irritation, which should be protected in the process of operation.

Application of o-nitroaniline

Ortho-nitroaniline is widely used in the chemical industry, mainly used in dye intermediates and pharmaceutical synthesis. As a dye intermediate, o-nitroaniline is used to produce acid black 10B, orange GC, acid black 1 and other dyes. These dyes are widely used for dyeing and coloring textiles, leather and paper. In the field of medicine, o-nitroaniline is used to synthesize a variety of pharmaceutical intermediates, such as antibacterial drugs, analgesics and anticancer drugs. Its unique chemical structure makes it also used in other fine chemical fields, such as the synthesis of pesticides, rubber additives and photosensitive materials.

Ortho-nitroaniline upstream and downstream raw materials

Upstream raw materials

The main upstream raw materials for o-nitroaniline include aniline and nitric acid. Aniline is produced by the reaction of benzene with ammonia, while nitric acid is produced by the ammoxidation or nitric acid preparation process. The key step in the synthesis of o-nitroaniline is the nitration of aniline, which is usually carried out in the presence of sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid is used as catalyst and reaction medium to promote the nitration reaction of aniline and nitric acid to generate o-nitroaniline.

Downstream Products

The main downstream products of o-nitroaniline include various dyes and pharmaceutical intermediates. For example, by reduction, o-nitroaniline can be converted to o-aminophenylamine, an important dye and drug synthesis intermediate. Ortho-nitroaniline is also used in the production of other fine chemicals, such as photosensitive materials and rubber auxiliaries. Its diverse downstream product applications make it an important position in the chemical industry.

STORAGE METHOD OF O-NITROANILINE

Because o-nitroaniline has certain toxicity and corrosiveness, its storage needs special attention. It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated warehouse, avoid direct sunlight and high temperature environment. Storage containers shall be well sealed to prevent moisture and impurities from entering. The storage area should be away from fire, heat and oxidant to prevent accidental reactions. Operators should wear protective gloves, goggles and protective clothing when exposed to o-nitroaniline to avoid direct skin contact and dust inhalation.

Safe handling and environmental protection measures

The handling and disposal of o-nitroaniline requires strict compliance with safety and environmental regulations. Waste o-nitroaniline and its solution should be collected centrally and sent to professional treatment institutions for harmless treatment to avoid direct discharge to the environment and prevent pollution to water and soil. During operation, appropriate ventilation equipment should be used to ensure air circulation in the workplace and reduce the accumulation of harmful gases. In case of emergency, if leakage occurs, it should be treated with adsorption materials (such as sand and diatomite) quickly, and the site should be cleaned up in time.

Market Prospects and Trends

The market demand for o-nitroaniline mainly comes from the field of dyes and pharmaceuticals. With the continuous development of the textile, leather and pharmaceutical industries, the demand for high-quality dyes and pharmaceutical intermediates will continue to grow, which will drive the expansion of the o-nitroaniline market. With the development of green chemistry and environmental protection technology, how to realize the green synthesis and efficient utilization of o-nitroaniline has become a research hotspot. By optimizing the production process and developing new catalysts, the generation of by-products can be reduced, the reaction efficiency can be improved, and a more environmentally friendly and economical production method can be achieved.

Conclusion

As an important chemical raw material, o-nitroaniline has a wide range of applications and market demand. Its application in dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals and other fine chemicals makes it a key component of the chemical industry. In the future, with the continuous progress of technology and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the production and application of o-nitroaniline will be further optimized to provide strong support for the development of related industries. In the process of production and use, attention should be paid to safety and environmental protection issues to ensure sustainable development.