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[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties, uses, upstream and downstream raw materials, storage methods, main uses of ammonium chloride

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Ammonium chloride properties

Ammonium chloride (NHthroughout) is an inorganic compound, commonly white or colorless crystals, with good water solubility. It is chemically stable and has a melting point of about 338°C. When heated, ammonium chloride will decompose into ammonia and hydrogen chloride gas, which has strong hygroscopicity and acidic reaction, and is weakly acidic when dissolved in water. Ammonium chloride has a variety of crystal structures, the most common being cubic and orthorhombic.

Ammonium chloride use

agricultural field

In agriculture, ammonium chloride is mainly used as nitrogen fertilizer. It can provide plants with the necessary nitrogen, help the growth and development of crops, improve yield and quality. Especially suitable for rice, wheat, corn and other crops. Since the chloride ion contained in ammonium chloride may cause chlorine poisoning in some crops, its use needs to be reasonably controlled.

industrial field

Ammonium chloride is widely used in industry. It is an important electrolyte component in dry batteries (zinc-carbon batteries), which can effectively conduct current and ensure the normal operation of the battery. Ammonium chloride is also used as an electroplating additive in the electroplating industry, a flux in the metallurgical industry, and a dye additive in the textile industry.

medical field

In the field of medicine, ammonium chloride is used as an expectorant, which can effectively dilute respiratory secretions and help expectoration. It is often used to treat cough and bronchitis. Ammonium chloride is also used as an acidifying agent in certain pharmaceutical formulations to help maintain acid-base balance in the body.

Ammonium chloride upstream and downstream raw materials

Upstream raw materials

The production of ammonium chloride mainly depends on ammonia and hydrochloric acid. Ammonia is usually obtained from the ammonia synthesis process, while hydrochloric acid is produced by the direct synthesis of chlorine and hydrogen. Ammonia gas and hydrochloric acid generate ammonium chloride solution through neutralization reaction, and then through crystallization, filtration, drying and other process steps, to obtain finished ammonium chloride.

Downstream Products

Ammonium chloride has a wide range of downstream products, including agricultural fertilizers, battery materials, pharmaceutical preparations and so on. Ammonium chloride can also react with other compounds to generate a series of chemical products, such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium carbonate, etc., which are widely used in agriculture and industry.

Ammonium chloride storage method

Storage Environment

Ammonium chloride should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Since ammonium chloride is hygroscopic, the humidity of the warehouse should be kept at a low level. Storage should be away from fire, heat, and avoid mixing with alkaline substances, oxidants and other chemicals to prevent chemical reactions.

Packaging requirements

Ammonium chloride is usually packaged in plastic bags, woven bags or barrels with good sealing performance, and the outside needs moisture-proof packaging to ensure that it is not affected with moisture and does not deteriorate during transportation and storage. The packaging shall be clearly marked with product name, production date, batch number, net weight and other information for easy management and inspection.

Safety measures

Care should be taken to prevent leakage and environmental pollution when storing ammonium chloride. Personnel shall wear protective gloves and masks during handling and operation to avoid direct contact and inhalation of dust. In the event of a leak, the contaminated area should be immediately flushed with water and ventilated to prevent the accumulation of ammonia and hydrogen chloride gas.

Conclusion

As an important chemical product, ammonium chloride has a variety of uses and a wide range of applications. Its upstream raw materials are mainly ammonia and hydrochloric acid, and its downstream products cover many industries such as agriculture, industry and medicine. In order to ensure the quality and safe use of ammonium chloride, reasonable storage and strict management are required. With the progress of technology and the increase of demand, the production and application of ammonium chloride will be more extensive.

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