[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties, uses, upstream and downstream raw materials, storage methods, physical and chemical properties of chlorinated benzene

Chlorobenzene Properties

Chlorobenzene (Chlorobenzene,C6H5Cl) is a colorless, transparent liquid with an aromatic odor. Its molecular formula is C6H5Cl and its molecular weight is 112.56. Chlorobenzene has a melting point of -45.3°C, a boiling point of 131.7°C and a density of 1.106g/cm³. It has moderate toxicity and strong volatility, slightly soluble in water, but can be miscible with most organic solvents (such as ethanol, ether, benzene, dichloromethane, etc.). Because the chemical properties of chlorinated benzene are relatively stable, it is not easy to occur oxidation, reduction and other reactions, so it is widely used in the chemical industry.

Chlorinated benzene uses

Chlorinated benzene has a wide range of uses in industry, mainly for the following aspects:

1. Pesticide production: chlorinated benzene is the production of a variety of pesticides (such as six six six, DDT, glyphosate, etc.) an important intermediate. Through the further reaction of chlorinated benzene, a variety of pesticides with insecticidal and bactericidal functions can be prepared, which are widely used in the field of agriculture.

2. Pharmaceutical intermediates: In the pharmaceutical industry, chlorinated benzene is an important raw material for the synthesis of some drugs (such as paracetamol, aspirin, etc.). It plays an important role in the introduction of drug molecular structure.

3. Dye production: chlorinated benzene is an important intermediate for many dyes and pigments (such as acid dyes, basic dyes, azo dyes, etc.). It plays an important role in the synthesis of dyes and can provide excellent dyeing properties.

4. Solvent: chlorinated benzene is a good organic solvent, widely used in oil, resin, wax and other substances dissolved. It is also used in industrial fields such as synthetic rubber, resin, paint and coating.

Chlorinated benzene upstream and downstream raw materials

The production and use of chlorinated benzene involves multiple upstream and downstream industrial chains.

1. Upstream raw materials: The main upstream raw materials for chlorinated benzene are benzene and chlorine. Benzene mainly comes from the by-products of the petroleum refining process, such as naphtha cracking and reforming gasoline. Chlorine gas is mainly prepared by electrolysis in the chlor-alkali industry.

2. Production process: benzene chloride is usually used in the production of benzene and chlorine gas in the catalyst (such as iron powder, aluminum powder, aluminum chloride, etc.) under the action of chlorination reaction. The temperature and reaction time should be strictly controlled in the reaction process to ensure the purity and yield of the product.

3. Downstream products: The downstream products of chlorinated benzene mainly include pesticides, pharmaceutical intermediates, dyes, rubber, resins, etc. These products are widely used in agriculture, medicine, chemical industry, electronics and other fields, and have an important impact on the development of the national economy.

Chlorinated benzene storage method

Due to the toxicity and volatility of chlorinated benzene, special attention should be paid to safety during storage and transportation.

1. Storage environment: chlorinated benzene should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, away from fire, heat and oxidant. The temperature in the warehouse should be kept at room temperature and avoid direct sunlight to prevent the decomposition and volatilization of chlorinated benzene.

2. Container requirements: chlorinated benzene should be stored in a closed special container (such as steel drum, stainless steel storage tank, etc.) to avoid contact with air and reduce volatilization loss. The container shall be inspected regularly to ensure good sealing and prevent leakage.

3. Precautions: When handling and using chlorinated benzene, wear protective equipment (such as gloves, protective glasses, protective clothing, etc.) to avoid direct contact with skin and eyes. The operation site shall be equipped with ventilation equipment and emergency flushing device to deal with possible leakage and splash accidents.

4. Emergency measures: in case of chlorinated benzene leakage, evacuate personnel immediately, isolate the site, and ventilate and exhaust. Use sand, activated carbon and other adsorbents to absorb the leakage, and properly handle it. If there is a large amount of leakage, the relevant departments shall be notified and the emergency plan shall be activated to prevent the accident from expanding.

Conclusion

As an important organic chemical raw material, chlorobenzene has a wide range of uses and important economic value. Its production and application involve multiple industrial chains, which play an important role in promoting the development of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, dyes and other industries. The toxicity and volatility of chlorobenzene also impose stringent requirements on its storage and use. In the future development, we should further strengthen the safety management and environmental protection of chlorinated benzene, promote technological innovation, improve production efficiency, reduce the impact on the environment, and realize the sustainable development of chlorinated benzene industry.