[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties, uses, upstream and downstream raw materials, storage methods, chemistry of sodium chloride

1. sodium chloride properties

Sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly known as table salt, is an inorganic compound. It is a white crystal at room temperature, with a cubic crystal structure, molecular weight of 58.44g/mol. Sodium chloride has high solubility in water, about 360 grams of sodium chloride can be dissolved per liter of water, but its solubility in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone is poor. Sodium chloride has a melting point of 801°C and a boiling point of 1413°C. It has good thermal and chemical stability and is not easily decomposed under normal conditions. Sodium chloride has a high conductivity, especially in aqueous solutions, where ions can move freely and are more conductive.

2. sodium chloride use

Sodium chloride is one of the most widely used inorganic salts, and its use covers many fields:

1. Food industry: sodium chloride as salt is a necessity of human life, widely used in seasoning, pickling and preservation. It not only enhances the taste of food, but also inhibits the growth of microorganisms.

2. Chemical industry: sodium chloride is one of the basic raw materials of the chemical industry, through the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution can be produced chlorine and hydrogen, as well as caustic soda (sodium hydroxide). These products play an important role in chemical production.

3. Pharmaceutical field: Sodium chloride is widely used in medicine to make physiological saline, as a medium for replenishing body fluids and drug delivery. It is also used in the manufacturing of some drugs.

4. Deicing agent: In cold regions, sodium chloride is widely used for road deicing. The principle is to lower the freezing point, so that snow and ice melt quickly, to ensure traffic safety.

5. Water treatment: Sodium chloride is used to soften water in the water treatment process, remove calcium and magnesium ions in the water through ion exchange resins, and prevent scaling of pipes and equipment.

3. sodium chloride upstream and downstream raw materials

Upstream raw materials

The production of sodium chloride mainly depends on natural resources and industrial preparation:

1. Natural resources: sea water, salt lakes and mineral salts are the main natural sources of sodium chloride. A large amount of sodium chloride can be obtained by seawater sun salt, mineral salt mining and other methods.

2. Industrial by-products: Some chemical production processes will produce sodium chloride as a by-product, such as chlor-alkali industry, electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen will produce sodium chloride.

Downstream Products

The downstream products and applications of sodium chloride are extensive, including:

1. Chlor-alkali products: chlorine and hydrogen produced by electrolysis of sodium chloride solution, caustic soda is an important basic raw material for chemical production, used in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated benzene, epichlorohydrin and so on.

2. Food processing: In the food processing industry, sodium chloride is an indispensable flavoring and preservative.

3. Pharmaceutical products: used for physiological saline, pharmaceutical manufacturing, pharmaceutical stabilizers, etc.

4. sodium chloride storage method

Sodium chloride is relatively stable due to its chemical properties and relatively simple storage conditions, but in order to ensure its quality and safety, the following points should be paid attention:

1. Dry environment: Sodium chloride is easy to absorb moisture, so it should be stored in a dry environment to avoid moisture and caking. The use of well-sealed containers for storage is an effective moisture-proof measure.

2. Avoid pollution: Sodium chloride as a raw material for food and pharmaceutical products, its storage environment must be clean and hygienic to avoid pollution. Storage containers should be cleaned regularly to prevent impurities from mixing.

3. Fire and explosion-proof: Although sodium chloride itself is not flammable, its storage place should pay attention to fire and explosion-proof measures, especially when mixed with other chemicals, to prevent accidents.

4. Partitioned storage: Sodium chloride for different purposes should be stored in partitions to avoid cross-contamination. Food grade, pharmaceutical grade and industrial grade sodium chloride should be clearly identified when stored and stored in accordance with the corresponding standards.

5. conclusion

As an important chemical raw material and daily necessities, sodium chloride is stable in nature and widely used. Understanding its physico-chemical properties helps to better utilize and store sodium chloride, thereby improving production efficiency and product quality. Through scientific and reasonable storage and management, the purity and safety of sodium chloride can be effectively guaranteed to meet the needs of all walks of life. In the future, with the advancement of technology and the expansion of application fields, the use of sodium chloride will be more extensive and diversified.