[Chemical Knowledge]：Properties, uses, upstream and downstream raw materials, storage methods, main principles of bleaching powder

Bleaching powder properties

Bleaching powder, the chemical name is calcium hypochlorite, is a white or off-white powder, usually containing 20-35% available chlorine. It has strong oxidation and bleaching, soluble in water, in a humid environment, easy to decompose to generate hypochlorous acid, and then release chlorine. This substance has a strong pungent odor and has a strong corrosive effect on the skin and mucous membranes, so it needs to be handled with care.

Bleaching powder use

Bleaching powder is widely used in industry, agriculture and daily life. Its main uses include:

1. Bleaching and disinfection: In the textile, paper and other industries, bleaching powder is used as bleaching agent to remove pigments and impurities; in the water treatment process, it is used for sterilization and disinfection to ensure water quality safety.

2. Agriculture: bleaching powder is used as a fungicide, which can be used to deal with diseases and insect pests of crops, fruits and vegetables to prevent the spread of pathogens.

3. Household cleaning: In daily life, bleaching powder is often used for household cleaning, especially for disinfection of toilets, bathrooms and other places.

Bleaching powder upstream raw materials

The production of bleaching powder requires a variety of raw materials, including mainly lime and chlorine:

1. Lime (calcium hydroxide) is an important basic raw material for the production of bleaching powder, usually obtained by high temperature calcination and hydration reaction of limestone.

2. Chlorine: Chlorine is an important component of calcium hypochlorite and is produced by electrolysis of sodium chloride solution. The quality and supply of chlorine directly affect the production efficiency and quality of bleaching powder.

Bleaching powder downstream products

As an important chemical product, bleaching powder has a wide range of applications, and its downstream products also involve many industries:

1. Paper and Textile: Used to produce bleached pulp and textiles to improve the whiteness and quality of products.

2. Water treatment agents are used as disinfectants in water treatment systems to ensure the safety of drinking and industrial water.

3. Pesticides: Used to prepare a variety of fungicides and insecticides to help crops control pests and diseases.

Bleaching powder production process

The production process of bleaching powder mainly includes the following steps:

1. Lime is prepared by first calcining limestone at high temperature to form calcium oxide, and then reacting with water to form calcium hydroxide.

2. Chlorination: Calcium hydroxide reacts with chlorine to produce a mixture of calcium hypochlorite and calcium chloride.

3. Drying and crushing: The product generated by the reaction is dried and crushed to obtain a bleaching powder product that meets the specifications.

Bleaching powder storage method

Due to the strong oxidizing and volatile properties of bleaching powder, its storage requirements are more stringent:

1. Dry environment: The bleaching powder should be stored in a dry, cool, well-ventilated place to avoid moisture and high temperature to prevent its decomposition and deterioration.

2. Sealed container: It is recommended to use a plastic bucket with good sealing or other corrosion-resistant materials for storage to prevent contact with air and avoid moisture absorption and volatilization.

3. Keep away from inflammables and reducing agents: Bleaching powder should be stored separately from inflammables, reducing agents and other chemicals to prevent dangerous reactions.

Bleaching Powder Safety and Environmental Impact

Although bleaching powder is widely used in industry and life, its safety and environmental impact cannot be ignored:

1. Safety: Bleaching powder is corrosive and irritating. Wear protective equipment, such as gloves, masks and goggles, to avoid direct contact with skin and eyes. In case of accidental contact, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical treatment.

2. Environmental impact: the decomposition of calcium hypochlorite in bleaching powder will release chlorine, chlorine is a toxic gas, air and water pollution. Therefore, the use of bleaching powder should be strictly controlled to avoid excessive use of environmental pollution.

Bleaching Powder Market Prospects

With the increasing demand for environmental protection and hygiene, the market demand for bleaching powder is also growing. In the future, the application of bleaching powder in water treatment, environmental protection and agriculture will be more extensive. With the advancement of technology, the production process and quality of bleaching powder will be further improved to meet the needs of different fields.

Summary

As an important chemical product, bleaching powder has a wide range of applications and good market prospects. It is also necessary to pay attention to safety and environmental protection in the process of production and use. Through scientific and reasonable management and use, we can maximize the role of bleaching powder and promote the development of related industries.