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[Chemical Knowledge]：The nature, use, upstream and downstream raw materials, storage methods of anhydrous sodium sulfate, and what is anhydrous sodium sulfate used?

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Anhydrous sodium sulfate properties

Anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), commonly known as mirabilite, is a white, crystalline solid. It has a molecular weight of 142.04g/mol, a melting point of about 884°C and a density of 2.68g/cm³. The solubility of anhydrous sodium sulfate in water varies considerably with temperature: it is 4.76g/100g water at 0°C and increases to 42.7g/100g water at 100°C. This compound is relatively stable to heat and acid and alkali, but will gradually decompose into sodium oxide and sulfur trioxide at high temperature.

Anhydrous sodium sulfate uses

Anhydrous sodium sulfate is widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, glass manufacturing, paper and textile industries. In the chemical industry, it is an important raw material for the production of sulfide and thiosulfate. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as a filler and diluent in pharmaceutical formulations. The glass manufacturing industry uses anhydrous sodium sulfate to improve the optical and physical properties of glass. In the paper industry, it is an important processing aid for the bleaching of pulp and an additive in the paper making process. The textile industry uses it as a dye and dyeing aid.

Anhydrous sodium sulfate upstream and downstream raw materials

Upstream raw materials

The main upstream raw materials of anhydrous sodium sulfate include sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide (or soda ash). In industrial production, the common method is through the neutralization reaction of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate:

[\text{H} 2\text{SO} 4 2 \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{Na} 2\text{SO} 4 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}]

another method is to purify and refine natural Glauber's salt ore (ore containing sodium sulfate). With the increasingly stringent environmental regulations, the purity and environmental protection requirements of upstream raw materials are also increasing, prompting companies to continuously improve production processes to reduce pollution and increase yields.

Downstream Products

Anhydrous sodium sulfate has a wide range of downstream products, covering chemical, pharmaceutical, food additives, daily chemical products and other fields. For example, sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) is an important derivative of anhydrous sodium sulfate in the chemical industry and is widely used in the formulation of photographic fixers and in the gold mining process. Other downstream products such as ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, etc. are also produced by reaction with other compounds, and these products have important applications in agricultural and industrial production.

Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate Storage Method

The storage of anhydrous sodium sulfate requires attention to moisture-proof, pollution-proof and agglomeration prevention. Since it is easily soluble in water, the storage environment must be kept dry, preferably sealed in a moisture-proof bag or moisture-proof barrel. The storage location should be away from acids, reducing agents and organic matter to prevent deterioration or safety hazards caused by chemical reactions. During transportation, care should be taken to prevent damage to the packaging to avoid contact with moisture in the air and cause product performance degradation.

Market Prospects and Challenges

The market demand for anhydrous sodium sulfate is rising steadily, especially in the process of industrialization in emerging market countries. The market is also facing some challenges, such as the strictness of environmental regulations, the fluctuation of raw material prices and the impact of continuous improvement of technical processes on production costs. In the future, the promotion of green production processes and the effective use of resources will become the key to the development of the industry.

Conclusion

As an important chemical raw material, anhydrous sodium sulfate has a wide range of applications and market prospects. Despite many challenges, its application in various industries will become more widespread as technology advances and environmental awareness increase. Enterprises need to continuously optimize the production process, improve product quality and environmental protection level, in order to adapt to market demand and regulatory requirements, so as to remain invincible in the fierce market competition.

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