Properties of n-Butyraldehyde
n-Butyraldehyde (n-Butyraldehyde) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C4H8O. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent smell. The molecular structure of n-butyraldehyde consists of one butyl group (C4H9) and one aldehyde group (-CHO), with a boiling point of about 74°C and a density of 0.802g/cm³. The solubility in water is low, but it can be miscible with most organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc. n-Butyraldehyde has high reactivity and is prone to chemical reactions such as oxidation, addition and condensation, which makes it widely used in chemical production.
The use of n-butyraldehyde
n-Butyraldehyde has a variety of uses in industrial production. It is one of the main raw materials for the production of 2-ethylhexanol, which is a key intermediate in the production of plasticizers and is used to manufacture the plasticizer DOP (dioctyl phthalate). Butyraldehyde is also used in the production of n-butanol, n-butyric acid and its esters, which are widely used in food, spices, medicine and other fields. Butyraldehyde is also used as an intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry for the synthesis of vitamin B1, amino acids and other drugs. Butyraldehyde is also used in the manufacture of solvents, coatings, resins and other chemical products.
n-Butyraldehyde upstream feedstock
The production of n-butyraldehyde is obtained mainly by oxidation of butanes or butenes. The production methods commonly used in industry include: 1. butane oxidation method, that is, butane is oxidized by air or oxygen under the action of catalyst to generate n-butyraldehyde; 2. butene carbonylation method, that is, butene is converted into n-butyraldehyde by carbonylation reaction, which generally uses cobalt, rhodium and other metal catalysts. Butene can also be hydrogenated to produce butane, and then further oxidized to obtain n-butyraldehyde.
n-Butyraldehyde downstream products
The downstream products of n-butyraldehyde are diverse, mainly including various alcohols, acids and esters. The most important downstream product is 2-ethylhexanol, an important plasticizer intermediate widely used in the plastics industry. Butyraldehyde is also used in the production of butyric acid and its esters, which play an important role in the synthesis of food spices and drugs. n-Butanol is another important downstream product used in the manufacture of coatings, solvents, chemical intermediates, etc. The importance of n-butyraldehyde in the chemical industry is reflected in its use as a precursor for a variety of high value-added products.
n-Butyraldehyde Production Process
At present, the production process of n-butyraldehyde mainly includes oxidation and carbonylation. The oxidation method uses air or oxygen to oxidize butane to generate n-butyraldehyde under the action of catalyst, which has the advantages of cheap raw materials and mature process. Carbonylation process through the reaction of butene and carbon monoxide in the presence of high pressure and catalyst to produce n-butyraldehyde, this method has the advantage of mild reaction conditions, high product selectivity. With the progress of catalyst technology, these production processes have been significantly improved in terms of improving yield and reducing energy consumption.
n-Butyraldehyde Storage Method
n-Butyraldehyde has high reactivity and volatility, and special attention should be paid to fire prevention and explosion prevention during storage. Generally, n-butyraldehyde should be stored in a cool, ventilated, dry warehouse, away from fire sources, heat sources and oxidants. Storage containers shall be of closed, corrosion-resistant material such as stainless steel or galvanized steel tanks. Storage areas shall be well ventilated and equipped with suitable fire fighting equipment. During storage and transportation, the container should be prevented from leaking and anti-static measures should be taken.
n-Butyraldehyde Safety and Environmental Impact
Butyraldehyde is a flammable liquid with pungent odor and certain toxicity to human body. Exposure to n-butyraldehyde may cause irritation of the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. In severe cases, it may cause burns or difficulty breathing. Therefore, in the handling and use of n-butyraldehyde, should wear protective equipment, such as gloves, protective glasses and respirators. Butyraldehyde also has a certain impact on the environment, leakage or improper disposal of waste may pollute the soil and water. Therefore, when discarding n-butyraldehyde and its container, it should be properly handled according to regulations to avoid harm to the environment.
Market Analysis and Prospects
With the continuous development of the chemical industry, the market demand for n-butyraldehyde is growing steadily. Especially in the field of plasticizers, solvents and pharmaceutical intermediates, n-butyraldehyde has broad application prospects. The continuous expansion of the global chemical market has provided favorable conditions for the production of n-butyraldehyde, and the increasingly stringent environmental regulations have also prompted enterprises to improve production processes and reduce energy consumption and pollutant emissions. In the future, with the development of emerging markets and the continuous progress of technology, the application field and market scale of n-butyraldehyde are expected to be further expanded.
Conclusion
As an important organic chemical raw material, n-butyraldehyde has a wide range of applications and huge market potential. Its nature determines its various uses in chemical production, from upstream butane and butene to downstream 2-ethylhexanol and n-butanol, n-butyraldehyde plays an indispensable role in the chemical industry chain. Reasonable storage methods and strict safety management measures are the key to ensure the safe use of n-butyraldehyde. With the growth of market demand and the improvement of production process, the prospect of n-butyraldehyde will be broader.
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