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[Chemical Knowledge]：Operation Skills and Safety Precautions of Vacuum Distillation

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Vacuum distillation is a common chemical operation used to separate components in liquid mixtures. In the vacuum distillation, in order to ensure the safety of operation and improve production efficiency, it is necessary to master certain operating skills and safety precautions. The following is to introduce some vacuum distillation operation skills and safety precautions.

1. operation skills
1. Control temperature: During vacuum distillation, the appropriate operating temperature should be selected according to the composition of the mixture and the vapor-liquid equilibrium curve to avoid damage to materials or equipment caused by excessive temperature. At the same time, ensure that the temperature is not too low, so as not to affect the fractionation effect.

2. observe the gas-liquid flow state: observe the gas-liquid flow state in the vacuum distillation equipment at all times, and adjust the parameters such as feed rate, vacuum degree and reflux ratio in time to maintain reasonable operating conditions.

3. lye treatment: for the mixture containing acidic components, the appropriate amount of lye should be added in time during the vacuum distillation process to neutralize, so as to ensure the safety of operation.

2. safety precautions
1. Distillation bottle design: The design of the distillation bottle should comply with national standards to ensure the safety and stability of the equipment. It is strictly forbidden to use inferior or damaged equipment for vacuum distillation operations.

2. Air tightness check: Check the air tightness of the equipment before vacuum distillation to ensure that the interfaces and valves are well sealed to prevent leakage accidents.

3. Safety valve settings: decompression distillation equipment should be equipped with a complete safety valve device to release pressure in time to prevent equipment explosion.

4. Operators dress: Operators should wear work clothes and protective equipment that meet safety requirements to avoid personal injury due to operational errors or equipment failures.

5. Waste gas treatment: For the exhaust gas produced by vacuum distillation, appropriate treatment measures should be taken to prevent pollution to the environment.

To sum up, vacuum distillation is a complex chemical operation that requires operators to operate in strict accordance with operating procedures, and to always pay attention to operational safety and equipment status to avoid safety accidents. I hope everyone can keep in mind the above techniques and precautions when carrying out the vacuum distillation operation to ensure safe operation and improve production efficiency.