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[Chemical Knowledge]：Formic acid and acetic acid: understand the difference between the two, popularize your chemical knowledge

Read： 1708 Time：17months ago Source：Transform the World with Simplicity

Formic acid and acetic acid are common organic acids in our daily life. Although they are all acidic substances, there are obvious differences in physical and chemical properties. Let's take a closer look at the difference between these two acids.

from the physical properties. Formic acid has the chemical formula HCOOH and acetic acid has the chemical formula CH3COOH. It can be seen that formic acid and acetic acid contain one and two carbon atoms, respectively, in the formula. This also makes the molecular structure of the two different. Formic acid is a colorless liquid with a pungent, pungent odor and sour taste. Acetic acid is also a colorless liquid, but its smell is relatively soft.

from the chemical nature of the point of view. Formic acid and acetic acid also differ in acidity. Formic acid is a strong acid that dissociates completely to produce H + ions and formate ions. Acetic acid is a weak acid, and only a small fraction of the molecules can dissociate into H ions and acetate ions. This also means that formic acid is more acidic than acetic acid. In addition, formic acid can react with metals to produce the corresponding salts, while acetic acid is relatively less reactive. In addition to the difference in acidity of

, formic acid and acetic acid are also different in other aspects. For example, they differ in physical properties. Formic acid is fully miscible with water at room temperature, while acetic acid is only partially miscible with water. This is due to the large polarity of formic acid and the strong hydrogen bonding between water molecules. In addition, formic acid can form crystallization at low temperature, while acetic acid is not easy to crystallize. The application of

formic acid and acetic acid is also different. Formic acid can be used as a raw material for dyes, tanning, rubber, oxalates, etc., and can also be used for the synthesis of formic acid, toluic acid, etc. Acetic acid is widely used in food, medicine, paint, dyes and other industries. In addition, acetic acid is one of the important raw materials for the synthesis of flavors.

To sum up, although formic acid and acetic acid are both organic acids, they have obvious differences in physical and chemical properties. Understanding the differences between these two acids will help to better understand the basic knowledge of organic chemistry, and also provide a reference for our application in daily life and work. I hope today's popular science content can enrich your common sense of chemistry, thank you for reading!

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