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[Chemical Knowledge]：The difference between mercuric chloride and mercury: understanding their properties and uses

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Mercuric chloride and mercury are two common mercury compounds that differ significantly in their chemical composition, properties and uses.

mercuric chloride is a compound composed of chlorine and mercury elements, the chemical formula is HgCl2, the appearance of white crystals. And pure mercury is an element, it is a heavy metal, the appearance of silver white liquid. It can be seen from the appearance that mercuric chloride is a solid while mercury is a liquid.

mercuric chloride and mercury are also very different in nature. Mercuric chloride is a relatively stable compound, not volatile and oxidation. Therefore, mercuric chloride is commonly used as a preservative, fungicide and water treatment agent in industry. Simple mercury has a high volatility, easy to evaporate, easy to react with oxygen in the air to form mercury vapor, with high toxicity.

in addition, there are differences in the use. Because mercuric chloride is not volatile, it can be used in some occasions where it is necessary to inhibit the growth of microorganisms, such as fungicides in water treatment, disinfection of medical devices, and preservatives in agriculture. Because of its high volatility and conductivity, mercury is often used in electronic devices such as thermometers, sphygmomanometers, batteries and bulbs, as well as in the preparation of silver alloys. However, due to its high toxicity, mercury needs to be handled and disposed of properly to avoid harm to the environment and human health.

In summary, mercuric chloride and mercury are two mercury compounds with different properties and uses. Mercury chloride is a solid, relatively stable, not volatile and oxidation, commonly used as preservatives and fungicides, etc.; and mercury is a liquid, with high volatility and conductivity, in electronic equipment and the preparation of silver alloys have a wide range of applications. However, we should also note that mercury is highly toxic and needs to be handled and disposed of properly to ensure the safety of the environment and human health.

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