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[Chemical Knowledge]：The difference between benzene and ethylbenzene and the choice of reagents

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Benzene and ethylbenzene are both common organic compounds that differ in structure and in the reagents used in the laboratory. Benzene is a colorless and transparent liquid with an aromatic taste that is widely used in organic synthesis and solvent applications. Ethylbenzene is also a colorless liquid, but it has a more obvious aromatic smell and can be used in paints, cleaners and plastics. In terms of chemical structure, benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon composed of six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms, while ethylbenzene is formed by adding a methyl group to benzene. This structural difference makes the two different in some properties. In the laboratory, benzene and ethylbenzene often require the use of reagents for reaction or purification. So, how should we choose a suitable reagent for benzene or ethylbenzene? For benzene, commonly used reagents include bromine water, potassium permanganate, silver nitrate, etc. These reagents can be used for benzene halogenation reaction, oxidation reaction and ketone, alcohol and other functional groups of the test. For ethylbenzene, the commonly used reagents are nitric acid, ferric chloride, etc., which can be used for the nitration reaction of ethylbenzene and the detection of methyl groups. When selecting reagents, it is also necessary to consider the purity and stability of the reagents, as well as the degree of matching with the reaction conditions. For example, some reagents may be sensitive to air or light and require special attention to storage conditions when used. In addition, the storage and disposal of reagents is also very important. Reagents should be stored in a dry and cool place, avoid high temperature and direct sunlight, and avoid mixing and cross contamination of reagents. When discarding reagents, they should be classified and treated according to relevant regulations to protect the environment and personal safety. In general, when conducting experiments, understanding the characteristics of benzene and ethylbenzene and selecting suitable reagents is an important part of ensuring smooth experiments and accurate results.

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