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[Chemical Knowledge]：Difference between propanol and isopropanol

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Propanol and isopropanol are two common alcohol compounds, which have some significant differences in chemical properties, uses and preparation methods.

1. Chemical properties:

propanol, also known as 1-propanol or n-propanol, the chemical formula is C3H8O. Propanol is a colorless, odorous liquid, soluble in water, ether and alcohol solvents. Propanol is an alcohol compound with typical properties of alcohols, such as reacting with acids to form ethers and esters.

isopropanol, also known as 2-propanol, with the chemical formula C3H8O. Isopropyl alcohol is different from propyl alcohol in the position of hydroxyl and methyl in the molecular structure. Isopropanol and poor water solubility, but strong solubility in alcohols and ether solvents in the larger solubility.

2. use:

propanol is mainly used in organic synthesis, pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. In organic synthesis, propanol can be used as an important solvent and intermediate to participate in esterification, etherification and acylation reactions. In the pharmaceutical field, propanol is used to prepare drugs such as hormones, vitamins and antibiotics. In daily chemical products, propanol is widely used in the production of flavors, cosmetics, detergents and disinfectants.

isopropanol is commonly used in the preparation of acetone, propylene glycol and propylene and other chemical raw materials. Acetone is an important organic solvent, widely used in plastics, rubber and other industrial production. Propylene glycol is a commonly used solvent and plasticizer, which has a wide range of applications in chemical, pharmaceutical and daily chemical fields. Propylene is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in synthetic resin, plastic and fiber industries.

3. Preparation method:

propanol can be obtained by hydrogenation reaction of propylene. Propylene reacts with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to form 1-propanol. Commonly used catalysts are nickel, zinc, chromium, etc. This preparation method is simple and low cost, so it has been widely used.

isopropanol can be obtained by reduction of acetone. Acetone reacts with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to form 2-propanol. Commonly used catalysts are mainly copper, lead and other metal catalysts. This preparation method is simple, and the reaction is fast, so it is widely used.

In summary, there are some differences between propanol and isopropanol in terms of chemical properties, uses and preparation methods. They are widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical and daily chemical fields. By understanding their differences, they can be better used in related industries and play an important role in the synthesis of organic compounds and the preparation of chemical raw materials.