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[Chemical Knowledge]：Benzene and ethanol: how to distinguish them?

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Benzene and ethanol are two common organic compounds, which have a wide range of applications in many fields. Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C6H6, which is structurally stable, colorless and less volatile. Ethanol is a kind of alcohol compound, molecular formula is C2H5OH, with high solubility and volatility. Although benzene and ethanol are both organic compounds, they have obvious differences in structure and properties. Let us see how to distinguish them.

start with their chemical formula and structure, the molecular formula of benzene is C6H6, and the molecular formula of ethanol is C2H5OH. The molecular structure of benzene is hexagonal, with a hydrogen atom on each carbon atom, while the molecular structure of ethanol has a hydroxyl group (-OH) instead of a carbon atom. Therefore, benzene and ethanol are different compounds in terms of molecular formula and structure.

we can distinguish them by their physical properties. Benzene is a colorless liquid with no noticeable irritating odor at room temperature. It has a lower density and a higher boiling point. Ethanol is a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor. It has a higher density and a lower boiling point. Therefore, by observing their appearance and sensory characteristics, we can distinguish between benzene and ethanol.

In addition, benzene and ethanol have different chemical properties. Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon with stable chemical properties and is difficult to react. Ethanol is a kind of alcohol compound with strong activity, which can occur acid-base reaction and oxidation reaction under appropriate conditions. Therefore, by their chemically reactive nature, we can also distinguish between benzene and ethanol.

To sum up, benzene and ethanol are two different organic compounds, which have obvious differences in molecular structure, physical properties and chemical properties. Therefore, by observing their molecular formula, structure, appearance, sensory characteristics and chemical reaction properties, we can effectively distinguish between benzene and ethanol. Understanding their differences is of great significance for the correct application and handling of them in practical applications.

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