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[Chemical Knowledge]：Mercury and calomel: differences and applications

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Mercury chloride and calomel are two kinds of mercury compounds with special properties and wide application. There are obvious differences in chemical composition, properties and application fields.

mercuric chloride refers to mercury dioxide, chemical formula is HgO. It is a white crystalline solid with high stability at room temperature and is not easy to decompose. Mercury chloride has certain toxicity, which is harmful to human body and environment.

and calomel is mercuric calomel, chemical formula Na[Hg(SCH2CO2)2]. It is a colorless crystalline solid and is relatively stable at room temperature. Compared with mercuric chloride, calomel is less toxic and relatively less harmful to humans and the environment. There are also some differences in the application of

mercuric chloride and calomel. Because of the high toxicity of mercuric chloride, it is widely used in the field of medicine, such as sterilization, anti-corrosion and mothproof. In addition, mercuric chloride can also be used as a positive electrode material for some batteries and has certain applications in the electronic field.

calomel has some applications in the field of medicine due to its low toxicity. It can be used to treat certain diseases, such as syphilis. In addition, calomel can play a specific role as a catalyst or ligand in some chemical synthesis reactions.

However, since both mercuric and calomel contain elemental mercury, caution is required in both use and handling. Avoid contact with skin, inhalation of gas or ingestion into the body. Especially for mercuric chloride, direct contact with it should be avoided as far as possible.

In summary, mercuric and calomel are two mercury compounds with special chemical properties and applications. There are obvious differences in chemical composition, properties and application fields. When using, it is necessary to fully understand its characteristics and operate in strict accordance with relevant safety regulations.

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