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[Chemical Knowledge]：Acetic acid and glacial acetic acid in the laboratory: the difference and application of the two

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Chemical experiments in the laboratory, often need to use a variety of reagents, including acetic acid and glacial acetic acid is one of the more common chemical reagents. Although acetic acid and glacial acetic acid seem to be very similar in name, there are clear differences in their use and properties in the laboratory.

acetic acid, also known as acetic acid, chemical formula CH3COOH, is a colorless liquid with a special sour taste. It can be made by the oxidation of ethanol or the reaction of sodium acetate with sulfuric acid. Acetic acid is a relatively mild acid that is often used as an acid catalyst or solvent in the laboratory. It can react with some alcohols to generate the corresponding acetate, and with alkali to generate the corresponding acetate. In addition, acetic acid can also be used for the preparation of cellulose acetate, acetate reagents and the like.

is different from that, glacial acetic acid is acetic acid cooling water solution, chemical formula is CH3COOH · CH3COONa. Glacial acetic acid is a colorless and transparent liquid with a high boiling point that can remain liquid at low temperatures. Therefore, it is often used as a reagent under low temperature conditions in the laboratory. For example, in organic synthesis experiments, glacial acetic acid often reacts with aldehydes or ketones, which can reduce the reaction temperature and control the reaction rate and selectivity of the products. In addition, glacial acetic acid can also be used as a solvent for hyaluronic acid, cellulose acetate and the like. The main difference between

acetic acid and glacial acetic acid is its use and nature. Acetic acid is used as a regular acid catalyst and solvent under relatively mild chemical reaction conditions. The glacial acetic acid is mainly used in low temperature reaction conditions, which can effectively control the reaction rate and the selectivity of the product. Therefore, when used in the laboratory, it is necessary to choose acetic acid or glacial acetic acid according to the specific experimental requirements.

In summary, acetic acid and glacial acetic acid are commonly used chemical reagents in the laboratory. Although they are similar in name, they have obvious differences in use and nature. Understanding the difference between them can better guide the laboratory work and ensure the smooth progress of the experiment. As researchers, we should choose appropriate reagents according to the needs of the experiment, and follow the principle of safe operation in the laboratory to ensure our own safety and the accuracy of the experiment.

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