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[Chemical Knowledge]：A sharp tool in chemical experiments-a reagent to distinguish between benzene and ethylbenzene

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Chemical experiment is an important link in the study of analytical chemistry, and the distinction between benzene and ethylbenzene is one of the common tasks in the laboratory. Benzene and ethylbenzene are very similar in structure, but they have some distinct differences. As a result, scientists have developed a series of reagents to distinguish between benzene and ethylbenzene, which play a vital role in the laboratory. This article will introduce you to several commonly used reagents to distinguish between benzene and ethylbenzene, as well as their specific applications. 1. Bromine water Bromine water is one of the commonly used reagents to distinguish between benzene and ethylbenzene. In the experiment, a phenomenon different from the reaction products of benzene and ethylbenzene can be observed with bromine water. Dissolved substances in bromine water are prone to substitution reactions. Benzene does not react in bromine water, but ethylbenzene can react with it to form bromoethane. Therefore, by observing the reaction of the sample in bromine water, it can be judged whether the sample contains benzene or ethylbenzene. 2. sodium nitrated sodium nitrated is also one of the important reagents to distinguish between benzene and ethylbenzene. In the experiment, different phenomena of the reaction of the sample with it can be observed using sodium nitrate. Benzene reacts slowly with sodium nitrate at room temperature, while ethylbenzene reacts rapidly with sodium nitrate at room temperature. By observing the reaction rate of the sample with sodium nitrate, it can be used to determine whether the sample contains benzene or ethylbenzene. 3. Oxidizers Oxidizers are also one of the common reagents used to distinguish benzene from ethylbenzene. In the experiment, different phenomena with which the sample reacts can be observed using an oxidizing agent. Benzene does not react initially with the oxidant, while ethylbenzene reacts rapidly with the oxidant to form p-toluic acid. By observing the reaction of the sample with the oxidizing agent, it is possible to further determine whether the sample contains benzene or ethylbenzene. The above introduces several commonly used reagents to distinguish benzene and ethylbenzene, which play a vital role in chemical experiments. Through these reagents, we can accurately and quickly distinguish benzene and ethylbenzene in the experimental samples, which provides an important basis for further analytical chemistry research. In future experiments, we hope that we can use these reagents skillfully and flexibly and make greater contributions to scientific research.

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