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[Chemical Knowledge]：The working principle of the softener-softening water quality through ion exchange

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A softener is a device that treats water quality through ion exchange technology, which is mainly used to remove hardness substances in water. Hardness substances come from cations such as magnesium ions and calcium ions dissolved in tap water. After ion exchange reaction, hard ions are softened and removed. The working principle of the softener is as follows:

1. ion exchange

The main medium in the softener is ion exchange resin. When hard ions pass through the resin layer, hard cations will exchange with anions in the resin to form soft cations, which are fixed in the resin.

2. regeneration and recovery

With the extension of the use time of the softener, the surface layer of the ion exchange resin will be slowly adsorbed by hard ions, and the softening effect will be reduced. At this time, the resin needs to be recycled. Recovery is the release of the soft cations in the resin and the hard cations adsorbed on the surface of the resin. At this time, the water quality in the softener returns to the initial state.

3. brine flushing

recovery process requires flushing with a brine solution to wash out the adsorbed hard ions to restore the resin's absorption selectivity for hard cations. The secondary heating of the

4.
the high salt content of the
resin after regeneration. At this time, the secondary heating is required to rinse the full amount of brine to ensure the normal operation of the softener.

In general, through ion exchange technology can soften water quality, so that the water becomes cleaner, suitable for watering flowers, laundry and other household water. Hardness substances have always been a major factor in water quality problems, and softeners can deal with this problem. The use of softeners to treat water quality can provide a healthier and environmentally friendly living environment.

Conclusion

softener removes hardness substances in water by ion exchange, and realizes long-term purification of water quality through recovery and regeneration mechanism. Water is an important element for human survival, and water quality is related to human health and environmental quality. The emergence of softeners allows us to solve the water quality problem of excessive hardness substances and realize the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.