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[Chemical Knowledge]：Coal-to-Oil Principle: Unleashing Petrochemical Wealth from Coal

Read： 802 Time：20months ago Source：Transform the World with Simplicity

In the impression of many people, oil is one of the most important energy sources in the world. From chemical fertilizers, medicine to cosmetics, every chemical product around us is inseparable from oil. Despite its importance, the reserves of oil resources are facing a serious gap. As a result, scientists began to look for new energy sources that could replace oil. Coal-to-oil is one of the widely discussed new alternative energy sources.

coal-to-liquid technology was invented by German scientists in the first half of the 20th century. It converts coal as a raw material to produce petrochemical products. The reason why coal-to-oil technology has attracted much attention is mainly because of its following advantages:

1. Rich coal reserves

is different from fossil fuels such as oil. China, with rich coal reserves and a large population, is the world's leader in coal consumption. The coal resources needed to produce petrochemical products are also rich enough to provide strong support for the energy industry.

2. It can replace crude oil and alleviate the supply shortage

at present, the global oil reserves are only enough to supply for decades, so the emergence of coal-to-liquid technology can alleviate this fuel shortage situation and provide basic conditions for the development of environmental protection and energy industry.

3. be able to cope with climate change, meet the requirements of environmental protection

in the production process of coal oil can use biogas power generation, coal conversion process of carbon dioxide can be recycled by carbon capture technology. Therefore, compared with traditional oil production and processing, coal to liquid technology has less impact on the environment. The process of

coal-to-oil technology relies on physical and chemical treatment such as high temperature pressurization. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Coal Crushing and Drying

Crushing black coal into small particles and exposing them to the conditions of the process as much as possible. After crushing, the coal particles are dried to reduce their water content.

2. Production of syngas

Coal particles in the process of thermal chemical reaction, will release gas, this gas is called syngas. Syngas is the raw material necessary to make synthetic petrochemicals, and it consists of a certain ratio (usually 2:1) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

3. Production of synthetic petrochemicals

In the process of converting syngas into petrochemicals, a series of catalysts and working substances are added, and the products are finally cooled and separated to obtain the required petrochemicals. It is

worth mentioning that many countries around the world have listed coal-to-liquid technology as one of the key development directions of their energy strategies. for example, china has in recent years developed a number of large coal-to-liquid projects, such as the coal-to-liquid of Datong and the coal-to-liquid of shaanxi, which convert coal into products such as gasoline and diesel. At the same time, the United States is also increasing its investment in coal-to-liquid technology, trying to use it as an effective means to deal with the oil gap.

In general, coal-to-liquid technology is an important innovation that can effectively alleviate the problem of petroleum resource gaps. It is an indispensable part of China's modern energy industry, and it also brings hope and opportunities for global environmental protection.