[Chemical Knowledge]：Specification for storage and transport of isobutene

Isobutylene is an important chemical raw material, widely used in plastics, rubber, fiber and other fields. However, due to its flammable, explosive, toxic and other characteristics, there is a greater safety risk in the storage and transportation of isobutylene. In order to ensure the safety of personnel and property, the relevant safety regulations and standards must be strictly observed.

This paper will introduce the safety storage and transportation specifications of isobutylene from the aspects of physical and chemical properties, risk overview, first aid measures, fire control measures, leakage emergency treatment, operation disposal and storage, contact control/personal protection, physical and chemical characteristics, stability and reactivity, toxicological data, ecological data, waste disposal, transportation information, regulatory information, etc. Overview of the physicochemical properties and hazards of

1. isobutene

isobutene is a colorless gas with a pungent odor. Its steam and air can form an explosive mixture, and it is easy to burn and explode in case of open flame and high heat. Contact with oxidizing agents will react violently. The gas is heavier than air, can spread to a considerable distance at a lower point, and will catch fire and ignite back in case of a fire source. In case of high heat, polymerization reaction can occur, releasing a large amount of heat and causing container rupture and explosion accident. Its toxicity belongs to low toxicity, but long-term exposure can cause neurasthenia syndrome. Irritating effect on eyes and respiratory tract.

2. first aid measures

after inhalation of isobutylene, should quickly leave the scene to fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, such as breathing difficulties, give oxygen. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical attention.

3. fire protection measures

fire extinguishing agent should use mist water, foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, sand. Water is used to cool containers in the fire scene to disperse steam and dilute the leakage. Prevent leakage from entering restricted spaces such as sewers and flood drainage ditches. In case of small leakage, sand or other non-combustible materials shall be used for adsorption or absorption. In case of a large amount of leakage, build a dam or dig a pit to accommodate it; cover it with foam to reduce steam disasters. Transfer to tank truck or special collector with explosion-proof pump, recycle or transport to waste treatment site for disposal.

4. leakage emergency treatment

quickly evacuate personnel from the leakage pollution area to the windy place, isolate and strictly restrict access. Cut off the fire source. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and fire protection clothing. As far as possible to cut off the leakage source, reasonable ventilation, accelerate the diffusion. A large amount of waste water produced by the dilution and dissolution of spray water, the construction of embankments or the excavation of pits. If possible, send the residual gas or leakage gas to the washing tower or the fume hood connected to the tower with the exhaust fan. Leakage containers shall be properly handled and reused after repair and inspection.

5. handling Disposal and storage

handling considerations include airtight handling with good natural ventilation. Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by the operating procedures. It is recommended that the operator wear self-priming filter respirator (half mask), chemical safety goggles, anti-static overalls and rubber gloves. Keep away from fire and heat sources. Smoking is strictly prohibited in the workplace. Use explosion-proof ventilation systems and equipment. Prevent gas leakage into the workplace air. Avoid contact with oxidizing agents. During transport, cylinders and containers must be grounded and bridged to prevent static electricity. Lightly loaded and unloaded during handling to prevent damage to cylinders and accessories. Equipped with corresponding types and quantities of fire fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment.

stored in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. The warehouse temperature should not exceed 30 ℃. Should be stored separately from the oxidant, do not mix storage. Explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities shall be adopted. It is forbidden to use mechanical equipment and tools that are easy to produce sparks. The storage area shall be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment.

6. Exposure Control/Personal Protection

shall be tightly sealed during production and use to provide adequate local exhaust and full ventilation. When the concentration of the air in the respiratory system protection exceeds the standard, you must wear a self-inhaling filtering gas mask (half mask). In case of emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear air respirator. Wear chemical safety goggles for eye protection. Wear anti-static overalls for body protection. Wear rubber gloves for hand protection. Smoking is strictly prohibited at the work site. Pre-employment and regular medical examinations are carried out.

7. physicochemical properties

isobutylene as a colorless flammable gas. The melting point is -139.3 ℃, the boiling point is -6.9 ℃, the relative density (water = 1) is 0.57(-80 ℃), the relative vapor density (air = 1) is 1.97, the saturated vapor pressure is 101.32kPa(-20 ℃), the combustion heat is 2046.9kJ/mol (liquid, 25 ℃), the critical temperature is 134.95 ℃, and the critical pressure is 3.66MPa, the ignition temperature is 420 ℃, the upper explosion limit (V/V) is 12.5%, and the lower explosion limit (V/V) is 1.8%. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol and other organic solvents.

8. stability and reactivity

isobutylene is less stable and reacts violently in contact with an oxidizing agent. Conditions that should be avoided include exposure to heat, light, and prolonged storage. Prohibited compounds include strong oxidants, acids, and alkali metals. The polymerization hazard is no polymerization. The decomposition products are carbon oxides.

9. toxicological data

acute toxicity of isobutene can cause dizziness