[Chemical Knowledge]：Production method and process of 3-methyl butanol

3-Methylbutanol (also known as isoamyl alcohol) is an organic compound widely used as a feedstock for the production of chemicals. The following is a detailed description of the manufacturing method of 3-methyl butanol:

1. Introduction

3-methyl butanol (Isamyl alcohol, referred to as ISA) is a colorless and transparent liquid with a special fragrance, which is widely used in the fields of fragrance, medicine, solvents and plastics. Due to its unique chemical properties, 3-methylbutanol has become a key raw material in many chemical production processes. In order to meet the growing market demand, it is of great significance to research and develop efficient and environmentally friendly 3-methylbutanol manufacturing methods.

2. Manufacturing Method

2.1 Biological Method

Biological Method is a method of producing 3-methylbutanol by microbial fermentation. First, an appropriate carbon source (e. g., glucose, xylose, etc.) and a nitrogen source (e. g., ammonium salt, urea, etc.) are added to the fermenter, and then the selected microbial strain is inoculated, and the fermentation conditions are controlled to allow the microbial growth and production of 3-methylbutanol. The biological method has the advantages of environmental protection and energy saving, but the yield is low and it is not suitable for large-scale production.

2.2 Chemical Synthesis

Chemical synthesis is a process in which a starting material is converted into 3-methylbutanol by a chemical reaction. The following are several common chemical synthesis methods:

(1) acetone condensation method: acetone and formaldehyde are condensed under acidic conditions to generate 3-hydroxy -2-butanone, and then 3-methyl butanol is obtained through reduction reaction. The raw materials of this method are easy to obtain, but a large amount of waste water will be produced in the reaction process, and the environmental protection is poor.

(2) Ethylene carbonyl synthesis method: ethylene and carbon monoxide are carbonylated under the action of a catalyst to generate propionaldehyde, and then propionaldehyde and formaldehyde are condensed under acidic conditions to generate 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, and finally 3-methylbutanol is obtained by reduction reaction. This method has a high atomic utilization rate, but the catalyst cost is high.

(3) propylene carbonyl synthesis method: propylene and carbon monoxide, hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst for carbonylation reaction, direct production of 3-methyl butyraldehyde, and then through the reduction reaction to obtain 3-methyl butanol. This method has high atomic utilization rate and relatively low catalyst cost, which is a promising method for the synthesis of 3-methylbutanol.

3. Manufacturing Process

Taking the propylene carbonyl synthesis method as an example, the manufacturing process of 3-methylbutanol is introduced:

(1) Raw material preparation: Propylene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are mixed in a certain proportion as reaction raw materials.

(2) Carbonylation Reaction: The feed gas is passed into a reactor containing a catalyst, and the carbonylation reaction is carried out under suitable temperature and pressure conditions to produce 3-methylbutanal.

(3) separation and purification: the reaction product is subjected to cooling, separation, purification and other steps to obtain 3-methylbutyraldehyde with high purity.

(4) reduction reaction: 3-methyl butyl aldehyde and hydrogen are reduced under the action of catalyst to generate 3-methyl butyl alcohol.

(5) product refining: 3-methyl butanol is refined by distillation, extraction and other processes to obtain products that meet the quality requirements.

4. Precautions

In the manufacturing process of 3-methylbutanol, the following matters should be paid attention to:

: (1) strictly control the reaction conditions to ensure that the reaction products are the required products;
(2) Select appropriate catalysts to improve the reaction rate and selectivity;
(3) Strengthen equipment maintenance and operation management to ensure the smooth progress of the production process;
(4) Pay attention to safety production and environmental protection requirements, and ensure that the production process complies with relevant regulations and standards.

In short, there are many methods for manufacturing 3-methylbutanol, and different methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In the actual production process, the appropriate manufacturing method should be selected according to the source of raw materials, production costs, environmental protection requirements and other factors. At the same time, strengthen production process research and equipment improvement to improve the production efficiency and product quality of 3-methylbutanol to meet market demand.