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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of L-carnitine

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The manufacturing method
of L-carnitine
L-carnitine, also known as L-carnitine, is an organic compound widely used in the field of chemical production raw materials. Its main function is to act as a carrier to transport long-chain fatty acids from outside the mitochondrial membrane to inside the membrane to promote fat oxidation and energy generation. Because of its biological activity, L-carnitine is also widely used in health care products, drugs, food additives and other fields. The method for producing L-carnitine will be described in detail below.

1. Chemical synthesis

Chemical synthesis is the main method for the production of L-carnitine, mainly through chemical reactions to convert raw materials into target products. The synthetic route mainly has the following steps:

1. with lysine and dimethylamine hydrochloride as raw materials, after condensation reaction to generate N,N-dimethyl lysine hydrochloride.
2. N,N-dimethyllysine hydrochloride is reacted with potassium cyanide to produce N,N-dimethyllysine.
3. L-carnitine was finally obtained by esterification, reduction and resolution of N,N-dimethyllysine.

The advantage of this method is that it can be produced on a large scale and has a high yield. However, the production process will produce a large number of waste and by-products, causing a certain pressure on the environment.

2. biological fermentation

biological fermentation is a method for producing L-carnitine by microbial fermentation. The principle is to make use of the ability of some microorganisms to synthesize L-carnitine, and to make a large number of microorganisms synthesize L-carnitine by regulating the fermentation conditions. The advantage of

biological fermentation method is that it can reduce the production of waste and by-products and is environmentally friendly. However, the fermentation process requires precise control of various conditions, such as pH, temperature, nutrient concentration, etc., so the production process is more complicated.

3. extraction

extraction is a method of extracting L-carnitine from natural substances. Generally speaking, meat, dairy products and other foods are rich in L-carnitine, and high-purity L-carnitine can be obtained through extraction, purification and other steps. The advantage of

extraction method is that high purity products can be obtained, and no waste and by-products are produced in the production process. However, the raw material source of the extraction method is limited and the production cost is high.

4. Enzymatic synthesis of

Enzymatic synthesis of L-carnitine is a new method for the production of L-carnitine by enzymatic reaction. This method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, less by-products and high selectivity. Specifically, enzymatic synthesis is the use of specific enzymes to catalyze the reaction of lysine and dimethylamine to produce L-carnitine.

5. genetic engineering method

genetic engineering method is a method of making it possible to synthesize a large amount of L-carnitine by changing the gene of a microorganism. This method requires a lot of research and development work, including gene selection, genetic engineering operations, etc. Once successful, can greatly improve the production of L-carnitine.

summary:

The above five manufacturing methods of L-carnitine are introduced, and each method has its advantages and disadvantages. In the actual production process, the appropriate method can be selected according to the specific situation and requirements. With the continuous progress of science and technology, we can expect the emergence of more environmentally friendly, efficient and economical L-carnitine manufacturing methods.

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