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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of cryolite

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Cryolite (Cryolite) is an important raw material for the production of chemicals, its chemical formula is Na3AlF6. Cryolite is mainly used for smelting aluminum, as a flux for electrolytic aluminum smelting, which can reduce the melting point of alumina and improve the conductivity of the electrolyte. The following is about the manufacturing method of cryolite:

1. hydrofluoric acid
hydrofluoric acid method is the main method of production of cryolite, its process including ingredients, reaction, evaporation, cooling, crystallization, centrifugal separation and drying steps. The specific steps are as follows:
(1) ingredients: aluminum hydroxide, soda ash and sodium fluoride according to a certain proportion of ingredients, added to the reaction kettle.
(2) reaction: a certain amount of water is added to the reaction kettle and heated to a certain temperature to make the ingredients fully react to generate cryolite and sodium hydroxide.
(3) Evaporation: The reaction solution was poured into an evaporation pot and evaporated with heating to concentrate the solution.
(4) Cooling: The concentrated solution is cooled to a certain temperature to precipitate cryolite crystals.
(5) Crystallization: Crystallization is carried out by a crystallizer to obtain cryolite crystals.
(6) Centrifugal separation: The mother liquor and crystals after crystallization are centrifuged to obtain pure cryolite crystals.
(7) Drying: The cryolite crystals are dried to obtain the final cryolite product.

2. Acid method
acid method is also a commonly used method for the production of cryolite, and its process includes the steps of batching, acidolysis, neutralization, evaporation, crystallization, centrifugal separation and drying. The specific steps are as follows:
(1) Ingredients: Sodium fluosilicate and sulfuric acid are added to the reactor in a certain proportion.
(2) Acidolysis: Heat to a certain temperature in a reaction kettle to react sodium fluorosilicate with sulfuric acid to generate hydrogen fluoride and sodium sulfate.
(3) Neutralization: The reaction solution is poured into a neutralization tank, and soda ash is added for neutralization reaction to generate cryolite and sodium sulfate.
(4) Evaporation: Pour the neutralized solution into an evaporation pot, evaporate with heating, and concentrate the solution.
(5) Crystallization: The concentrated solution is cooled to a certain temperature to precipitate cryolite crystals.
(6) Centrifugal separation: The mother liquor and crystals after crystallization are centrifuged to obtain pure cryolite crystals.
(7) Drying: The cryolite crystals are dried to obtain the final cryolite product.

above are two common cryolite manufacturing methods, but the specific production process may vary with different manufacturers and equipment. In the production process, it is necessary to pay attention to safety, avoid the leakage of toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen fluoride, and at the same time ensure the quality and purity of the product to meet the requirements of chemical production.

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