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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of methyl chloride

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Methyl chloride manufacturing method

Methyl chloride is an important organic chemical raw material, widely used in medicine, pesticides, refrigerants, solvents and other fields. Its manufacturing methods are mainly the following:

1. methanol method

methanol method is the main method of producing methyl chloride at home and abroad, the process principle is the reaction of methanol and hydrogen chloride gas under the action of a catalyst to generate methyl chloride and water. This method has the advantages of easy access to raw materials, simple operation and mild reaction conditions, but it also has the problems of catalyst deactivation and equipment corrosion.

1. Reaction Principle

Methanol and hydrogen chloride gas undergo substitution reaction under the action of catalyst to generate monochloromethane and water:

CH3OH HCl → CH3Cl H2O

2. Process
The process flow of
methanol method to produce chloromethane mainly includes the following steps:

(1) Mixing methanol and hydrogen chloride gas: Mixing methanol and hydrogen chloride gas according to a certain ratio and entering the reactor.

(2) Reaction: Under the action of a catalyst, methanol and hydrogen chloride gas undergo a substitution reaction to generate methyl chloride and water. The reaction temperature is generally 200-300°C and the pressure is 0.5-2MPa. Separation

(3): The reaction product is cooled and separated to obtain methyl chloride and water. Methyl chloride is purified by distillation to obtain qualified products.

2. methane method

methane method is a traditional method for the production of methyl chloride, the process principle is to react methane with chlorine in the light or heating conditions to produce methyl chloride and hydrogen chloride. This method has the advantages of abundant raw materials and low cost, but the reaction conditions are relatively harsh, requiring high pressure and high temperature conditions.

1. Reaction principle

methane and chlorine gas to generate monochloromethane and hydrogen chloride under the condition of illumination or heating:

CH4Cl2 → CH3Cl HCl

2. Process flow
The process flow of
methane method to produce chloromethane mainly includes the following steps:

(1) Mixing: Methane and chlorine gas are mixed according to a certain proportion and enter the reactor.

(2) reaction: under the condition of light or heating, methane and chlorine replace the reaction to generate methyl chloride and hydrogen chloride. The reaction temperature is generally 400-500°C and the pressure is 1-10MPa. Separation

(3): The reaction product is cooled and separated to obtain methyl chloride and hydrogen chloride. Methyl chloride is purified by distillation to obtain qualified products. Hydrogen chloride can be recycled as a raw material for the production of methyl chloride.

3. acetic acid method

acetic acid method is a new method for the production of methyl chloride, the process principle is the reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen chloride gas in the presence of a catalyst to produce methyl chloride and acetic anhydride. This method has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, mild reaction conditions and high catalyst activity, and is one of the hotspots of current research.

1. Reaction Principle

acetic acid and hydrogen chloride gas undergo substitution reaction under the action of catalyst to generate methyl chloride and acetic anhydride:

CH3COOH HCl → CH3Cl (CH3CO)2O

2. Process
The process flow of
acetic acid method to produce methyl chloride mainly includes the following steps:

(1) Mixing: Acetic acid and hydrogen chloride gas are mixed according to a certain proportion and enter the reactor.

(2) reaction: under the action of catalyst, acetic acid and hydrogen chloride gas are substituted to generate methyl chloride and acetic anhydride. The reaction temperature is generally from 150 to 250 ° C. and the pressure is from 0.5 to 2MPa. Separation

(3): The reaction product is cooled and separated to obtain methyl chloride and acetic anhydride. Methyl chloride is purified by distillation to obtain qualified products. Acetic anhydride can be recycled as a raw material for the production of methyl chloride.

In short, there are many manufacturing methods of methyl chloride, and different methods have different advantages and disadvantages and scope of application. In actual production, the appropriate manufacturing method should be selected according to the specific situation to ensure product quality and production efficiency.

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