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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process flow of o-chloroaniline

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The manufacturing method
of o-chloroaniline
o-chloroaniline is an important organic chemical raw material, which is widely used in dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other fields. This paper will introduce the manufacturing method of o-chloroaniline, including raw materials, process flow, operation steps, equipment, safety measures and so on.

1. raw material

The raw materials for the manufacture of o-chloroaniline mainly include o-nitrochlorobenzene, hydrogen, catalyst, etc. Among them, o-nitrochlorobenzene can be produced by nitration reaction, hydrogen can be produced by natural gas, water gas, etc., and the catalyst is generally Raney nickel, palladium carbon, etc.

2. Process

The manufacturing process of o-chloroaniline mainly includes the following steps:

1. Catalytic hydrogenation: Catalytic hydrogenation of o-nitrochlorobenzene and hydrogen under the action of a catalyst to generate o-chloroaniline.
2. Filtration: The reaction solution was filtered to remove the catalyst residue.
3. Distillation: The filtered solution is distilled to separate the o-chloroaniline product.
4. Crystallization: The o-chloroaniline product obtained by distillation is crystallized to obtain a product with higher purity.

3. operation steps

1. will be o-nitrochlorobenzene, catalyst and hydrogen into the reactor, control the reaction temperature and pressure, catalytic hydrogenation reaction.
2. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was filtered to remove the catalyst residue.
3. The filtered solution was subjected to distillation to collect a fraction of o-chloroaniline.
4. Crystallization of the o-chloroaniline product obtained by distillation to obtain a higher purity product.

4. equipment

o-chloroaniline manufacturing equipment mainly includes reactors, filters, distillation columns, crystallizers, etc. Among them, the reactor should have heating, cooling, stirring and other functions to meet the needs of catalytic hydrogenation reaction; the filter should have the function of filtering catalyst residue; the distillation tower should have the function of separating o-chloroaniline products; the crystallizer should have the function of crystallization purification products.

5. safety measures

1. Strictly control the reaction temperature and pressure to prevent the reaction from running out of control.
2. The catalyst should be properly kept to prevent moisture failure.
3. The operator should wear protective equipment to avoid contact with harmful substances.
4. Fire fighting equipment shall be set up on the production site in case of emergency.

6. environmental protection measures

1. The waste gas and waste water generated in the production process should be treated to meet the emission standards before discharge.
2. Waste catalysts shall be disposed in accordance with hazardous waste management regulations to prevent environmental pollution.

7. Economic Benefit Analysis

In the manufacturing process of o-chloroaniline, raw material cost, energy consumption and labor cost are the main factors affecting economic benefits. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to reduce production costs and improve product quality in the production process to improve economic efficiency. At the same time, enterprises should strengthen market research, understand market demand and price quotations, and formulate reasonable sales strategies to maximize economic benefits.

In short, the manufacturing method of o-chloroaniline involves many aspects, including raw materials, process flow, operation steps, equipment, safety measures, environmental protection measures and economic benefit analysis. Enterprises should pay attention to technological innovation and management innovation in the production process, improve product quality and economic benefits, and contribute to the development of the industry.

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