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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process of furfural

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The manufacturing method
of furfural
1. Introduction

Furfural is an important organic chemical raw material, widely used in synthetic plastics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, spices and other fields. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the manufacturing method of furfural for improving the production efficiency and quality of furfural. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of furfural, including raw material preparation, reaction process, post-treatment and other steps, and analyze the main factors affecting the yield and quality of furfural.

2. raw material preparation

manufacturing furfural raw materials are mainly corn cob, rice husk, cottonseed hull and other agricultural and sideline products waste, these raw materials are rich in cellulose and hemicellulose. In order to improve the yield of furfural, the raw material needs to be pretreated, including crushing, drying, sieving and other steps, so that the particle size and moisture content of the raw material meet the reaction requirements.

3. reaction process

furfural manufacturing process mainly includes two steps of acid hydrolysis and hydrolysis. The specific reaction process is as follows:

1. Acidolysis: The pretreated raw material is mixed with dilute sulfuric acid and heated to a certain temperature to cause acidolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose in the raw material to generate furfural and other by-products.

2. Hydrolysis: The mixture after acid hydrolysis is diluted with water and heated to a certain temperature to separate furfural from other by-products to obtain crude furfural.

4. post-treatment

crude furfural contains a large number of impurities, such as acid, alcohol, aldehyde and so on, which needs to be post-treated to obtain higher purity furfural. Methods of post-treatment include distillation, extraction, crystallization, etc., with distillation being the most commonly used method. The impurities in the crude furfural can be separated by distillation to obtain furfural with higher purity.

5. Influencing Factors Analysis

1. Types and quality of raw materials: Different types of raw materials have different contents of cellulose and hemicellulose, which will affect the yield of furfural. At the same time, the quality of raw materials will also affect the quality of furfural.

2. Acidolysis temperature and time: Acidolysis temperature and time will affect the rate and degree of acidolysis reaction, thereby affecting the yield and quality of furfural.

3. Hydrolysis temperature and time: The hydrolysis temperature and time will affect the rate and degree of hydrolysis reaction, thereby affecting the purity of furfural.

4. Post-treatment methods: Different post-treatment methods will affect the purity and yield of furfural.

6. optimization measures

In order to improve the yield and quality of furfural, the following optimization measures can be taken:

1. Select raw materials with higher cellulose and hemicellulose, and carry out sufficient pretreatment.

2. Control the temperature and time of acid hydrolysis to avoid excessive acid hydrolysis resulting in increased by-products.

3. Control the hydrolysis temperature and time to improve the purity of furfural.

4. Select the appropriate post-treatment method to improve the purity and yield of furfural.

7. conclusion

furfural is an important organic chemical raw material, and it is of great significance to study its manufacturing method for improving production efficiency and quality. This paper introduces the manufacturing method of furfural, including raw material preparation, reaction process, post-treatment and other steps, and analyzes the main factors affecting the yield and quality of furfural. By taking optimization measures, the yield and quality of furfural can be further improved, and more high-quality raw materials can be provided for chemical production.

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