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[Chemical Knowledge]：Production and manufacturing method and process of amines

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The manufacturing method
of amines is
in the field of chemical production raw materials. Amines are a kind of very important organic compounds, which are widely used in various fields such as medicine, pesticide, dye, spice, rubber, plastic, textile and so on. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the manufacturing methods of amines for improving the quality and yield of chemical products. This article will introduce several common amine manufacturing methods.

1. alcohol amine method

alcohol amine method is a commonly used amine manufacturing method, mainly alcohol and ammonia as raw materials, in the role of catalyst, the addition reaction to obtain amines. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Mix alcohol and ammonia in a certain proportion, add a catalyst, and heat up to a certain temperature.
2. Maintain a certain pressure and temperature, the reaction, the formation of amine and water.
3. Water and unreacted alcohol are separated by distillation to obtain a crude amine product.
4. The crude amine product was refined to obtain pure amine product. The advantages of

alcohol amine method are that various alkyl amines can be produced, the raw materials are easily available, the operation is simple, and the cost is low. However, the reaction conditions of this method are relatively harsh, high temperature and high pressure are required, the catalyst is easy to be deactivated, the equipment is seriously corroded, and regular maintenance and replacement are required.

2. nitro reduction method

nitro reduction method is a method for preparing amines by reducing nitro compounds. The specific steps are as follows:

1. mixing the nitro compound with a reducing agent (such as hydrogen, iron powder, etc.), adding a catalyst, and heating to a certain temperature.
2. During the reaction, the nitro group is reduced to amino group to obtain amine products.
3. Through distillation, crystallization and other separation methods, pure amine products are obtained. The advantage of

nitro reduction method is that various aromatic amines and aliphatic amines can be prepared by simple operation, and the product purity is high. However, this method requires the use of a large amount of reducing agent and catalyst, and the cost is high, and a large amount of waste gas and waste water will be generated, which will cause pollution to the environment.

3. Amide Reduction Method
The
amide reduction method is a method for preparing amines by reducing amides. The specific steps are as follows:

1. mixing the amide with a reducing agent (such as lithium aluminum hydride, sodium borohydride, etc.), adding a solvent, and heating to a certain temperature.
2. During the reaction, the amide is reduced to an amine to obtain an amine product.
3. Through filtration, distillation and other separation methods, the unreacted reducing agent and solvent are removed to obtain pure amine products. The advantage of

amide reduction method is that various aliphatic amines and aromatic amines can be prepared by simple operation, and the product purity is high. However, this method needs to use a large amount of reducing agent and solvent, and the cost is high, and a large amount of waste residue and waste water will be generated, which will cause pollution to the environment.

4. summary

Three common amine manufacturing methods are introduced above, each of which has its advantages, disadvantages and scope of application. In actual production, the appropriate manufacturing method should be selected according to the specific product requirements, raw material sources and production costs. At the same time, we should strengthen the optimization of production process and waste management, improve production efficiency and environmental protection, and promote the sustainable development of the chemical industry.

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