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[Chemical Knowledge]：Manufacturing method and process flow of zirconium dioxide

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Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) is an important inorganic chemical raw material with excellent physical and chemical properties, such as high temperature stability, corrosion resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and high refractive index. Therefore, zirconium dioxide has been widely used in ceramics, catalysts, fuel cells, biomedicine and other fields. This article will introduce the manufacturing method of zirconium dioxide.

1. Raw Material Preparation

The raw material for manufacturing zirconium dioxide is mainly zircon (ZrSiO4), in which the content of zirconium is about 67.2%. In order to obtain high-purity zirconium dioxide, it is necessary to select zircon with less impurity content. In addition, chemical raw materials such as sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid need to be prepared.

2. alkali fusion method

alkali fusion method is one of the main methods of manufacturing zirconium dioxide. In this method, zircon is melted with sodium hydroxide at high temperature to generate sodium zirconate (Na2ZrO3), and then sodium zirconate is dissolved with water to obtain zirconic acid solution. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Mix the zircon and sodium hydroxide evenly in a certain proportion, put it in a high-temperature furnace, and melt it at 1400-1500°C for 2-4 hours.
2. The melt is cooled and then dissolved in water to obtain a sodium zirconate solution. At the same time, insoluble impurities such as silicates, titanates, etc. are filtered out.
3. Hydrochloric acid is added to the sodium zirconate solution to react to form zirconium dioxide precipitate.
4. The zirconium dioxide precipitate is washed, filtered and dried to obtain a high-purity zirconium dioxide product.

3. acidolysis

acidolysis is a relatively simple method of manufacturing zirconium dioxide. The method is to react zircon with hydrochloric acid to generate zirconium chloride (ZrCl4), and then hydrolyze the zirconium chloride to obtain zirconium dioxide. The specific steps are as follows:

1. mixing zircon and hydrochloric acid according to a certain proportion, and reacting under heating conditions to generate zirconium chloride and silicic acid.
2. The reaction solution was filtered to remove insoluble silicic acid impurities to obtain a zirconium chloride solution.
3. The zirconium chloride solution is hydrolyzed to obtain zirconium dioxide precipitate. The hydrolysis method may be to add an alkaline absorbent such as ammonia water or sodium hydroxide to the solution to react with zirconium chloride to form zirconium dioxide precipitate.
4. The zirconium dioxide precipitate is washed, filtered and dried to obtain a high-purity zirconium dioxide product.

4. other methods

In addition to alkali fusion and acid hydrolysis, there are some other methods for manufacturing zirconium dioxide, such as sol-gel method, microwave method, etc. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, according to the specific needs and conditions to choose the appropriate method.

In short, zirconium dioxide is an important inorganic chemical raw materials, has a wide range of applications. Different manufacturing methods have different advantages and disadvantages and scope of application, and suitable methods can be selected according to specific needs and conditions.

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